背景:基于性别的歧视,特别是在医疗保健方面,影响女性的角色和机会,包括在外科手术中,他们在领导职位上的代表性仍然不足。这种歧视在担任职务中普遍存在的程度尚不清楚。
方法:提取了德国48所大学和大学相关医院的公开记录,以量化内脏领域的主治医生和头外科医生的性别比例。血管,心脏,胸廓,儿科,口面,神经-,创伤,整形手术。统计分析,包括卡方检验和学生t检验,用于分析数据。
结果:在367个部门负责人中,男性353(96.2%),女性14(3.8%)。在2366名出席者中,1,854(78.4%)为男性,512(21.6%)为女性。这些差异是显著的(χ²=64.95,p<0.001,比值比=0.14,95%置信区间=0.08-0.25)。由女性部门负责人领导的部门不太可能雇用女性就诊(χ²=0.379,p=0.538,比值比=1.17,95%置信区间=0.70-1.96)。
结论:大学医院的德国外科部门存在显著的性别差异,妇女在更高层次上的代表性不足。这可能对患者结果产生负面影响。为了解决这个问题,需要进一步的研究来充分理解这个问题。
BACKGROUND: Gender-based discrimination, particularly in healthcare, affects women\'s roles and opportunities, including in surgery where they remain underrepresented in leadership positions. The extent to which such discrimination is prevalent in attending positions is unclear.
METHODS: The publicly available records of 48 universities and university-associated hospitals in Germany were extracted to quantify gender ratios among attending surgeons and head surgeons in the fields of visceral, vascular, cardiac, thoracic, pediatric, orofacial, neuro-, trauma, and plastic surgery. Statistical analysis, including Chi-Square tests and Student\'s t-test, was used to analyze the data.
RESULTS: Among the 367 department heads, 353 (96.2%) were male and 14 (3.8%) were female. Among the 2,366 attendings, 1,854 (78.4%) were men and 512 (21.6%) were women. These differences were significant (χ²=64.95, p<0.001, odds ratio=0.14, 95% confidence interval=0.08-0.25). Departments being led by a female department head were not more likely to employ female attendings (χ²=0.379, p=0.538, odds ratio=1.17, 95% confidence interval=0.70-1.96).
CONCLUSIONS: German surgical departments in University Hospitals have significant gender disparities, with women underrepresented at higher levels. This may negatively affect patient outcomes. To tackle the problem, further research is needed to fully understand the issue.