Otariidgammaherpesvirus1(OtGHV1)与自由放养的加利福尼亚海狮(Zalophuscalifornianus;CSL)中泌尿生殖道癌的高发率有关,直到最近才在北半球报道。这项研究的目的是调查蓬塔圣胡安的自由放养的南美海狮(Otariabyronia;SASL)和南美海狗(Arctocepherusaustralis:SAFS),秘鲁OtGHV1和确定流行特征。在三年内(2011年,2014年,2015年)从这两个物种的活pin足中收集的21%(14/67)的泌尿生殖拭子用泛疱疹病毒常规PCR检测呈阳性。SAFS扩增子的测序显示,在DNA聚合酶上与OtGHV1具有100%的同源性,糖蛋白B,和病毒bcl2样基因。SASL扩增子的测序揭示了一种新的相关病毒,本文称为Otariidγ疱疹病毒8(OtGHV8)。为了比较样本站点,泌尿生殖系统,结膜,2011年至2018年期间,从PuntaSanJuan的两个物种的136个活pin虫中收集的口咽拭子,然后使用定量PCR对OtGHV1/8DNA聚合酶基因的一部分进行了定量PCR分析,该方法现已确定可在两种病毒之间发生交叉反应。总的来说,在这两个物种中,38.6%(51/132)的泌尿生殖拭子,结膜拭子占5.6%(4/71),口咽拭子OtGHV1/8阳性的占1.1%(1/90),而SASL仅在泌尿生殖拭子阳性。SASL的结果因OtGHV8的发现而变得复杂,因此需要进一步研究以使用替代测定法确定OtGHV1与OtGHV8的患病率。SAFS的结果表明,SAFS中的OtGHV1与CSL之间存在潜在关系。尽管SAFS的尸检监测非常有限,CSL中与OtGHV1相关的泌尿生殖道癌的地理模式以及疱疹病毒在异常宿主中引起更多有害疾病的趋势表明,SAFS可能是OtGHV1的最终宿主,从而进一步了解了该进化枝的多样性和地理。相关的γ疱疹病毒。
Otariid gammaherpesvirus 1 (OtGHV1) is associated with high rates of urogenital carcinoma in free-ranging California sea lions (Zalophus californianus; CSL), and until recently was reported only in the Northern Hemisphere. The objective of this study was to survey free-ranging South American sea lions (Otaria byronia; SASL) and South American fur seals (Arctocephalus australis: SAFS) in Punta San Juan, Peru for OtGHV1 and to determine prevalence characteristics. Twenty-one percent (14/67) of urogenital swabs collected over three years (2011, 2014, 2015) from live pinnipeds of both species tested positive with a pan-herpesvirus conventional PCR. Sequencing of SAFS amplicons revealed 100% homology to OtGHV1 at the DNA polymerase, glycoprotein B, and viral bcl2-like genes. Sequencing of SASL amplicons revealed a novel related virus, herein called Otariid gammaherpesvirus 8 (OtGHV8). For comparison of sample sites, urogenital, conjunctival, and oropharyngeal swabs collected from 136 live pinnipeds of both species at Punta San Juan between 2011-2018 were then assayed using quantitative PCR for a segment of the OtGHV1/8 DNA polymerase gene using a qPCR assay now determined to cross-react between the two viruses. In total, across both species, 38.6% (51/132) of urogenital swabs, 5.6% (4/71) of conjunctival swabs, and 1.1% (1/90) of oropharyngeal swabs were positive for OtGHV1/8, with SASL only positive on urogenital swabs. Results from SASL were complicated by the finding of OtGHV8, necessitating further study to determine prevalence of OtGHV1 versus OtGHV8 using an alternate assay. Results from SAFS suggest a potential relationship between OtGHV1 in SAFS and CSL. Though necropsy surveillance in SAFS is very limited, geographic patterns of OtGHV1-associated urogenital carcinoma in CSL and the tendency of herpesviruses to cause more detrimental disease in aberrant hosts suggests that it is possible that SAFS may be the definitive host of OtGHV1, which gives further insight into the diversity and phyogeography of this clade of related gammaherpesviruses.