Crinumjagus(C.贾格斯;J.汤姆斯。)丹迪(百合科)是一种以其药用价值和药理特性而闻名的泛热带植物。该研究评估了由于C.jagus叶提取物对甲苯诱导的大鼠肝和肾损伤的保护作用和氧化应激指标的变化。该研究是在8周龄雄性Wistar大鼠(n=80)上进行的,重量243.3±1.42g。第一组,1ml/kg蒸馏水7天;第二组,4.5ml/kg甲苯一次,1ml/kg蒸馏水7天;第三组,4.5ml/kg甲苯一次,500mg/kg甲醇提取物7天;第IV组,4.5ml/kg甲苯一次,500mg/kg水提取物,持续7天;V组,500mg/kg甲醇提取物,持续7天;VI组,500mg/kg水提取物,持续7天;第VII组,500mg/kg维生素C,持续7天;组,VIII,4.5ml/kg甲苯一次,500mg/kg维生素C持续7天,所有给药均通过口服管饲法进行.植物化学成分,肝脏和肾脏的绝对和相对器官重量,肝肾功能检查,抗氧化状态,以及组织学检查使用标准方案进行分析.单宁,黄酮类化合物,和多酚在两种提取物中的浓度最高,甲醇提取物中的含量(分别为57.04±1.51mgg-1,35.43±1.03mgg-1,28.2±0.34mgg-1)>水提取物(分别为18.74±1.01mgg-1,13.43±0.47mgg-1,19.65±0.21mgg-1)。在阴性对照组(II)中,体重显著降低(P<0.05)22%,肝脏重量和肾脏重量分别显着增加了42%和83%(P<0.05),肝脏与体重和肾脏与体重的比率显着增加(P<0.05);血清肝功能测试(LFTs)即胆红素,碱性磷酸酶(ALP),丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT),天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST),γ-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT),和血清肾功能检查(肌酐和尿素)显著升高(P<0.05);氧化状态(组织丙二醛;MDA)显著升高(P<0.05),抗氧化剂状态,即组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),过氧化氢酶(CAT),谷胱甘肽(GSH)水平显著降低(P<0.05);肾、肝组织病理学表现明显,与正常对照组相比。在C.jagus提取物测试组(III和IV)中,与阴性对照相比,这些参数显着(P<0.05)减轻并逆转至正常/接近正常。LFTs,肾功能测试,与水提取物试验组相比,甲醇提取物试验组和标准对照组的抗氧化状态明显改善(P<0.05);与水提取物试验和标准对照组相比,甲醇提取物试验组显示出更好的组织学特征。由于存在更多的非酶抗氧化剂(单宁,黄酮类化合物,和多酚)。研究结果表明,由于促进氧化应激和细胞脂质的过氧化,甲苯是一种非常积极的异种生物,但是C.jagus叶通过非酶抗氧化剂的还原能力及其诱导内源性抗氧化酶的能力提供了显着的保护(SOD,CAT,和谷胱甘肽还原酶或GR)导致细胞脂质过氧化和组织损伤减少,组织修复加快,并在甲苯毒性期间改善肝脏和肾脏的细胞生物学。甲醇叶提取物提供了更好的保护,应进一步进行更多的实验和临床研究,以证实其在减轻氧化应激组织损伤中的功效,特别是由于甲苯。
Crinum jagus (C. jagus; J. Thomps.) Dandy (Liliaceae) is a pantropical plant known for its medicinal values and pharmacological properties. The study assessed the protective effects and changes in oxidative stress indices due to C. jagus leaf extracts on the toluene-induced liver and kidney injuries in rats. The study was conducted on 8-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 80), weighing 243.3 ± 1.42 g. Group I, 1 ml/kg distilled water for 7 days; Group II, 4.5 ml/kg toluene once, 1 ml/kg distilled water for 7 days; Group III, 4.5 ml/kg toluene once, 500 mg/kg methanolic extract for 7 days; Group IV, 4.5 ml/kg toluene once, 500 mg/kg aqueous extract for 7 days; Group V, 500 mg/kg methanolic extract for 7 days; Group VI, 500 mg/kg aqueous extract for 7 days; Group VII, 500 mg/kg of vitamin C for 7 days; Group, VIII, 4.5 ml/kg toluene once, 500 mg/kg vitamin C for 7 days, all administrations were given by oral gavage. The phytochemical contents, absolute and relative organ weights of liver and kidneys, liver and kidney function tests, antioxidant status, as well as histological tests were analyzed using standard protocols. The tannins, flavonoids, and polyphenols were in highest concentration in both extracts, content in methanol extract (57.04 ± 1.51 mgg-1, 35.43 ± 1.03 mgg-1, 28.2 ± 0.34 mgg-1 respectively) > aqueous extract (18.74 ± 1.01 mgg-1, 13.43 ± 0.47 mgg-1, 19.65 ± 0.21 mgg-1 respectively). In the negative control group (II), bodyweights significantly (P < 0.05) reduced by 22%, liver weight and kidney weight significantly (P < 0.05) increased by 42% and 83% respectively, liver-to-bodyweight and kidney-to-bodyweight ratios increased significantly (P < 0.05); serum liver function tests (LFTs) i.e., bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and serum kidney function tests (creatinine and urea) were significantly (P < 0.05) elevated; oxidant status (tissue malondialdehyde; MDA) was significantly (P < 0.05) elevated, antioxidant status i.e., tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) levels was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced; with markedly visible renal and hepatic histopathological findings, compared to the normal control group. In C. jagus extract test groups (III and IV), the parameters were significantly (P < 0.05) alleviated and reversed to normal/near normal compared to the negative control. The LFTs, kidney function tests, and antioxidant status were significantly (P < 0.05) more improved with the methanol extract test and standard control groups compared to the aqueous extract test group; Also, the methanol extract test group showed better histological features than the aqueous extract test and standard control groups. The methanolic extract shows better antioxidant potential due to the availability of more nonenzymatic antioxidants (tannins, flavonoids, and polyphenols). The findings showed that toluene is a very aggressive xenobiotic due to the promotion of oxidative stress and peroxidation of cellular lipids, but C. jagus leaves provide significant protection through the reducing power of nonenzymatic antioxidants and their ability to induce endogenous antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and glutathione reductase or GR) causing reduced cellular lipid peroxidation and tissue damages, quickened tissue repair, and improved cell biology of liver and kidneys during toluene toxicity. The methanol leaf extract provides better protection and should be advanced for more experimental and clinical studies to confirm its efficacy in alleviating oxidative stress tissue injuries, specifically due to toluene.