■餐后血糖[PPG]升高会增加胰岛素抵抗患者心脏代谢并发症的风险,中央肥胖个体。因此,改善PPG的策略对这一人群很重要.餐前食用大剂量的乳清蛋白[WP]通过延迟胃排空和刺激肠促胰岛素肽的分泌来减少PPG,葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素多肽[GIP]和胰高血糖素样肽1[GLP-1]。目前尚不清楚在较少量的WP后是否观察到这些影响,以及中枢肥胖对这些胃肠道过程的影响。
■在随机交叉设计中,12名瘦肉和12名集中肥胖的成年男性进行了两次240分钟的混合膳食测试,~5-10d分开。经过一夜的禁食,参与者吃了一本小说,混合营养餐前10分钟,即饮WP(15g)或体积匹配的水(100ml;PLA)。通过口服对乙酰氨基酚吸光度估计胃排空。收集间隔血液样本以测量葡萄糖,胰岛素,GIP,GLP-1和对乙酰氨基酚。
■WP在中央肥胖和瘦人群中减少了13%和18.2%的曲线下PPG面积[AUC0-60],分别(均p<0.001)。在这两组中,PPG的减少伴随着GLP-1增加2-3倍和胃排空延迟.尽管在PLA期间GLP-1反应相似,在WP试验期间,中心肥胖个体的GLP-1分泌比瘦个体低27%(p=0.001)。在精益参与者中,与PLA相比,WP增加了GLP-1ACTIVE/Total比率(p=0.004),表明GLP-1降解减少。相反,在肥胖受试者中未观察到GLP-1ACTIVE/TOTAL的治疗效果.
■餐前摄取小说,仅含15克膳食蛋白质的即饮WP镜头可降低瘦和中央肥胖男性的PPG。然而,在中央型肥胖人群中,GLP-1对进餐时间WP的反应减弱和肠促胰岛素降解增加可能会影响利用GLP-1调节PPG的营养策略的功效.这些缺陷是否由个体的胰岛素抵抗引起,他们的肥胖状态,或其他与肥胖相关的疾病需要进一步调查。
■ISRCTN.com,标识符[ISRCTN95281775]。https://www.isrctn.com/.
UNASSIGNED: Elevated postprandial glycaemia [PPG] increases the risk of cardiometabolic complications in insulin-resistant, centrally obese individuals. Therefore, strategies that improve PPG are of importance for this population. Consuming large doses of whey protein [WP] before meals reduces PPG by delaying gastric emptying and stimulating the secretion of the incretin peptides, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide [GIP] and glucagon-like peptide 1 [GLP-1]. It is unclear if these effects are observed after smaller amounts of WP and what impact central adiposity has on these gastrointestinal processes.
UNASSIGNED: In a randomised-crossover design, 12 lean and 12 centrally obese adult males performed two 240 min mixed-meal tests, ~5-10 d apart. After an overnight fast, participants consumed a novel, ready-to-drink WP shot (15 g) or volume-matched water (100 ml; PLA) 10 min before a mixed-nutrient meal. Gastric emptying was estimated by oral acetaminophen absorbance. Interval blood samples were collected to measure glucose, insulin, GIP, GLP-1, and acetaminophen.
UNASSIGNED: WP reduced PPG area under the curve [AUC0-60] by 13 and 18.2% in the centrally obese and lean cohorts, respectively (both p <0.001). In both groups, the reduction in PPG was accompanied by a two-three-fold increase in GLP-1 and delayed gastric emptying. Despite similar GLP-1 responses during PLA, GLP-1 secretion during the WP trial was ~27% lower in centrally obese individuals compared to lean (p = 0.001). In lean participants, WP increased the GLP-1ACTIVE/TOTAL ratio comparative to PLA (p = 0.004), indicative of reduced GLP-1 degradation. Conversely, no treatment effects for GLP-1ACTIVE/TOTAL were seen in obese subjects.
UNASSIGNED: Pre-meal ingestion of a novel, ready-to-drink WP shot containing just 15 g of dietary protein reduced PPG in lean and centrally obese males. However, an attenuated GLP-1 response to mealtime WP and increased incretin degradation might impact the efficacy of nutritional strategies utilising the actions of GLP-1 to regulate PPG in centrally obese populations. Whether these defects are caused by an individual\'s insulin resistance, their obese state, or other obesity-related ailments needs further investigation.
UNASSIGNED: ISRCTN.com, identifier [ISRCTN95281775]. https://www.isrctn.com/.