■中风是最常见的神经系统疾病之一,通常会导致上肢运动障碍,显著影响个人生活质量。康复策略对于促进卒中后恢复和改善功能独立性至关重要。功能性电刺激(FES)系统已成为有前途的上肢康复工具,提供创新的神经肌肉再教育方法。
■本文的主要目的是对中风后治疗中用于上肢神经康复的最先进的功能电刺激(FES)系统进行全面的系统综述。更具体地说,本文旨在回顾不同类型的FES系统,他们的可行性测试,或随机对照试验(RCT)研究。
■FES系统分类基于FES控制中患者反馈的参与,主要包括“开环FES系统”(手动控制)和“闭环FES系统”(脑机接口-BCI和肌电图控制)。因此,对手动FES的技术优势和有效性提出了有价值的见解,EEG-FES,和EMG-FES系统。
■该综述分析了25项研究,发现使用基于FES的康复系统可以为中风恢复上肢功能运动带来良好的结果,根据FMA(Fugl-Meyer评估)(手动控制的FES:平均差=5.6,95%CI(3.77,7.5),P<0.001;BCI控制的FES:平均差=5.37,95%CI(4.2,6.6),P<0.001;肌电图控制的FES:平均差异=14.14,95%CI(11.72,16.6),P<0.001)和ARAT(动作研究手臂测试)(EMG控制的FES:平均差异=11.9,95%CI(8.8,14.9),P<0.001)评分。此外,缺点,临床考虑,与非FES系统相比,设计改进,并讨论了未来可能对改善卒中康复系统和推进卒中后康复的影响。因此,总结现有文献,这篇综述论文可以帮助研究人员确定进一步调查的领域。这可以导致制定研究问题和开发新的研究,旨在改善FES系统及其在上肢康复中的结果。
UNASSIGNED: Stroke is one of the most common neurological conditions that often leads to upper limb motor impairments, significantly affecting individuals\' quality of life. Rehabilitation strategies are crucial in facilitating post-stroke recovery and improving functional independence. Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) systems have emerged as promising upper limb rehabilitation tools, offering innovative neuromuscular reeducation approaches.
UNASSIGNED: The main objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive systematic review of the start-of-the-art functional electrical stimulation (FES) systems for upper limb neurorehabilitation in post-stroke therapy. More specifically, this paper aims to review different types of FES systems, their feasibility testing, or randomized control trials (RCT) studies.
UNASSIGNED: The FES systems classification is based on the involvement of patient feedback within the FES control, which mainly includes \"Open-Loop FES Systems\" (manually controlled) and \"Closed-Loop FES Systems\" (brain-computer interface-BCI and electromyography-EMG controlled). Thus, valuable insights are presented into the technological advantages and effectiveness of Manual FES, EEG-FES, and EMG-FES systems.
UNASSIGNED: The review analyzed 25 studies and found that the use of FES-based rehabilitation systems resulted in favorable outcomes for the stroke recovery of upper limb functional movements, as measured by the FMA (Fugl-Meyer Assessment) (Manually controlled FES: mean difference = 5.6, 95% CI (3.77, 7.5), P < 0.001; BCI-controlled FES: mean difference = 5.37, 95% CI (4.2, 6.6), P < 0.001; EMG-controlled FES: mean difference = 14.14, 95% CI (11.72, 16.6), P < 0.001) and ARAT (Action Research Arm Test) (EMG-controlled FES: mean difference = 11.9, 95% CI (8.8, 14.9), P < 0.001) scores. Furthermore, the shortcomings, clinical considerations, comparison to non-FES systems, design improvements, and possible future implications are also discussed for improving stroke rehabilitation systems and advancing post-stroke recovery. Thus, summarizing the existing literature, this review paper can help researchers identify areas for further investigation. This can lead to formulating research questions and developing new studies aimed at improving FES systems and their outcomes in upper limb rehabilitation.