由于食用受污染食品而引起的食源性疾病在发展中国家经常发生。在食品加工中加入受污染的水,准备,和服务是直接相关的几个胃肠道感染。保持在视野中,本研究旨在评估该地区饮用水源和常用新鲜即食(RTE)食品的微生物质量.来自水源和消费点的饮用水样本,以及食堂的食物样本,咖啡馆,酒店,和餐馆,收集用于微生物分析。发现55%(n=286)的水样对总大肠杆菌呈阳性,MPN计数范围为3至2600(100ml)-1。在近30%的总水样中检测到大肠杆菌。总的来说,65%的自来水样本不合格,其次是潜水器(53%),过滤器(40%),和WTP(30%)来源。此外,对RTE食品(n=80)的检查发现,60%的微生物质量不令人满意,需氧平板计数较高。沙拉是污染最严重的类别,平均APC8.3logCFU/g最高,其次是panipuri,聊天,还有酸辣酱.在水和食物样品中均观察到大肠杆菌和常见肠病原体的存在。从样品中检测到的分离株被鉴定为肠杆菌属。,克雷伯菌属。,铜绿假单胞菌,沙门氏菌属。,志贺氏菌属。,和葡萄球菌属。基于这些发现,发现微生物质量受损,这可能对公众健康造成危害。旁遮普地区的这项探索性研究还表明,水源的微生物质量差可能是新鲜生熟RTE食品的重要污染源,从而将病原体转移到食物链中。因此,在所有阶段都应使用安全的饮用水后处理。
Foodborne illnesses caused by the consumption of contaminated foods have frequent occurrences in developing countries. The incorporation of contaminated water in food processes, preparation, and serving is directly linked to several gastrointestinal infections. Keeping in view, this study was conducted to assess the microbial quality of both drinking water sources and commonly consumed fresh ready-to-eat (RTE) foods in the region. The drinking water samples from water sources and consumer points, as well as food samples from canteens, cafes, hotels, and restaurants, were collected for the microbiological analysis. Fifty-five percent (n = 286) of water samples were found to be positive for total coliforms with MPN counts ranging from 3 to 2600 (100 ml) -1. E. coli was detected in nearly 30% of the total water samples. Overall, 65% tap water samples were found unsatisfactory, followed by submersible (53%), filter (40%), and WTP (30%) sources. Furthermore, the examination of RTE foods (n = 80) found that 60% were of unsatisfactory microbial quality with high aerobic plate counts. The salads were the most contaminated category with highest mean APC 8.3 log CFU/g followed by pani puri, chats, and chutneys. Presence of coliforms and common enteropathogens was observed in both water and food samples. The detected isolates from the samples were identified as Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., and Staphylococcus spp. Based on these findings, microbiological quality was found compromised and this may pose hazard to public health. This exploratory study in the Punjab region also suggests that poor microbiological quality of water sources can be an important source of contamination for fresh uncooked RTE foods, thus transferring pathogens to the food chain. Therefore, only safe potable drinking water post-treatment should be used at all stages.