背景:沙特阿拉伯王国以前没有报道肉毒杆菌中毒。这种罕见的,有时致命的食源性疾病是由神经毒素引起的,主要是由于食用家庭罐装水果,蔬菜,乳制品,和海鲜产品&它可能导致瘫痪。
目的:本研究的目的是评估2024年利雅得肉毒中毒患者的临床特征,这些患者在利雅得当地一家知名连锁餐厅食用蛋黄酱后,沙特阿拉伯。
方法:我们对利雅得第一健康集群的所有食源性肉毒杆菌中毒住院病例进行了回顾性分析,并采访了患者或其护理者。对于每个病人来说,完成了标准病例报告表,包含人口统计信息,临床方面,肉毒杆菌检测结果,和曝光类型。描述性统计被用来评估数据。疫情期间,利雅得第一健康集群医院收治了19名食源性疾病患者。经过彻底的体检,在每种情况下都怀疑肉毒杆菌中毒。
结果:19名疑似食源性疾病患者中有8名完全满足沙特阿拉伯公共卫生局(Weqaya)规定的肉毒杆菌病病例定义要求。在这8名患者中,2(25%)为男性,6(75%)为女性,平均年龄23.25±9.29岁(范围:12-38岁)。我们患者的潜伏期为36.25±26.26h。值得注意的症状包括所有8例患者的吞咽困难(100%),构音障碍,广义弱点,7名患者(88%)出现恶心和呕吐,4例患者(50%)复视,和胃部不适3例(38%)。在这8个案例中,六个需要插管,一个模仿脑死亡的人,和两个是稳定的。通过在受污染的食物中检测到肉毒杆菌孢子,证实了肉毒杆菌孢子的存在是爆发的原因。
结论:复视和构音障碍是肉毒杆菌中毒最常见的早期体征。早期表现可能包括没有任何肌肉骨骼症状的呼吸道症状。或者恶心,呕吐和迷失方向。
BACKGROUND: Botulism has not been previously reported in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This rare and sometimes fatal foodborne illness is caused by neurotoxins and primarily results from consuming home-canned fruits, vegetables, dairy, and seafood products & it can lead to paralysis.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical features of patients who developed botulism in Riyadh in 2024 after consuming mayonnaise from a well-known local chain of restaurants in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records and interviewed patients or their attendants for all hospitalized cases of foodborne botulism at Riyadh First Health Cluster. For each patient, a standard case report form was completed, containing information on demographics, clinical aspects, botulinum test results, and type of exposure. Descriptive statistics were applied to assess the data. During the outbreak, nineteen patients with foodborne diseases were admitted to Riyadh First Health Cluster Hospitals. Following thorough physical examinations, botulism was suspected in each case.
RESULTS: Eight of the 19 suspected foodborne illness patients fully satisfied the botulism case definition requirements set forth by the Saudi Arabian Public Health Authority (Weqaya). Among these eight patients, 2 (25%) were male and 6 (75%) were female, with a mean age of 23.25 ± 9.29 years (range: 12-38 years). The incubation period for our patients was 36.25 ± 26.26 h. Notable symptoms included dysphagia in all eight patients (100%), dysarthria, generalized weakness, nausea and vomiting in seven patients (88%), diplopia in four patients (50%), and stomach discomfort in three patients (38%). Of the eight cases, six required intubation, one mimicked brain death, and two were stable. The presence of Clostridium botulinum spores as the cause of the outbreak was confirmed by detecting botulinum spores in contaminated food.
CONCLUSIONS: Diplopia and dysarthria were the most common early sign of botulism. Early manifestations may include respiratory symptoms without any musculoskeletal symptoms. or nausea, vomiting and disorientation.