背景:经历粮食不安全的家庭可能会使用动态策略来满足粮食需求。然而,家庭食品采购行为与食品安全之间的关系,特别是在农村地区,研究不足。
目的:确定COVID-19大流行期间俄亥俄州阿巴拉契亚农村家庭的食物采购模式及其与食物不安全的关系。
方法:调查数据来自雅典县的一群家庭,俄亥俄州2020年7月、2020年10月、2021年1月和2021年4月。
方法:样本包括663个家庭,其家庭食品采购和食品安全信息≥1次调查波。
方法:家庭食品采购模式。家庭报告了他们从各种零售商和慈善来源获得食物的频率,被归类为超级中心,超市,便利店,农贸市场,或慈善来源。
方法:主成分分析用于确定食品采购模式。线性混合模型用于评估研究期间食品采购行为的变化,并根据食品安全状况确定食品采购行为是否有所不同。
结果:确定了两种模式:1)便利店和慈善食品,2)超市和农贸市场,不是超级中心。相对于2020年7月,家庭食品采购行为与超市和农贸市场的一致性,非超级中心模式在2020年10月较高(β=0.07;95%CI:0.02,0.12),与“便利店和慈善食品”模式的一致性在2021年4月较低(β=-0.06;95%CI:-0.11,-0.02)。与粮食安全家庭相比,食品不安全家庭的食品采购行为与“便利店和慈善食品”模式更接近一致(β=0.07;95%CI:0.00,0.13);“超市”和“农贸市场”的得分无统计学差异,不是超中心模式(β=-0.07;95%CI:-0.15,0.02)。
结论:这些发现支持增加健康,在粮食不安全的家庭可能获得食物的场所,负担得起的选择,例如便利店和慈善来源。
BACKGROUND: Households experiencing food insecurity may use dynamic strategies to meet food needs. Yet, the relationship between household food sourcing behaviors and food security, particularly in rural settings, is understudied.
OBJECTIVE: To identify food sourcing patterns and their associations with food insecurity among households in rural Appalachian Ohio during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS: Survey data were collected from a cohort of households in Athens County, OH, in July 2020, October 2020, January 2021, and April 2021.
METHODS: The sample included 663 households with household food sourcing and food security information for ≥1 survey wave.
METHODS: Household food sourcing patterns. Households reported the frequency with which they obtained food from various retailers and charitable sources, classified as supercenters, supermarkets, convenience stores, farmers markets, or charitable sources.
METHODS: Principal component analysis was used to identify food sourcing patterns. Linear mixed models were used to assess changes in food sourcing behaviors over the study period and to determine whether food sourcing behaviors differed according to food security status.
RESULTS: Two patterns were identified: Convenience Stores and Charitable Food and Supermarkets and Farmers Markets, not Supercenters. Relative to July 2020, alignment of households\' food sourcing behaviors with the Supermarkets and Farmers Markets, not Supercenters pattern was higher in October 2020 (β .07, 95% CI .02 to .12) and alignment with the Convenience Stores and Charitable Food pattern was lower in April 2021 (β -.06, 95% CI -.11 to -.02). Compared with food-secure households, food sourcing behaviors of food-insecure households were more closely aligned with the Convenience Stores and Charitable Food pattern (β .07, 95% CI .00 to .13); no statistically significant difference in scores was observed for the Supermarkets and Farmers Markets, not Supercenters pattern (β -.07, 95% CI -.15 to .02).
CONCLUSIONS: These findings support efforts to increase access to healthy, affordable options at venues where food-insecure households may be likely to obtain food, such as convenience stores and charitable sources.