阿尔茨海默病的及时诊断和治疗仍然是神经退行性疾病药物化学的最大问题之一。缺乏能够可靠检测AD相关蛋白质结构变化的低成本传感器是开发对AD标志具有亲和力的新型分子的驱动因素。廉价的发展,安全的诊断方法是一个非常受欢迎的研究领域。光学荧光探针由于其非放射性而引起了极大的兴趣,低成本,和实时可视化AD标志的能力。基于硼二吡咯亚甲基(BODIPY)的荧光团是一种有前途的荧光单元,用于体内标记,由于其高的光稳定性,易于修改,低毒性,和细胞通透性。近年来,许多能够检测Aβ斑块的基于BODIPY的荧光探针,Aβ可溶性低聚物,神经原纤维缠结(NFT)光学检测,以及具有铜离子螯合单元和粘度传感器的探针已经被开发。在这次审查中,我们总结了BODIPY衍生物作为能够检测阿尔茨海默病病理特征的荧光传感器,2009年至2023年出版,以及他们的设计策略,光学性质,以及体外和体内活性。
Timely diagnosis and therapy of Alzheimer\'s disease remains one of the greatest questions in medicinal chemistry of neurodegenerative disease. The lack of low-cost sensors capable of reliable detection of structural changes in AD-related proteins is the driving factor for the development of novel molecules with affinity for AD hallmarks. The development of cheap, safe diagnostic methods is a highly sought-after area of research. Optical fluorescent probes are of great interest due to their non-radioactivity, low cost, and ability of the real-time visualization of AD hallmarks. Boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based fluorophore is one promising fluorescent unit for in vivo labeling due to its high photostability, easy modification, low toxicity, and cell-permeability. In recent years, many fluorescent BODIPY-based probes capable of Aβ plaque, Aβ soluble oligomers, neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) optical detection, as well as probes with copper ion chelating units and viscosity sensors have been developed. In this review, we summarized BODIPY derivatives as fluorescent sensors capable of detecting pathological features of Alzheimer\'s disease, published from 2009 to 2023, as well as their design strategies, optical properties, and in vitro and in vivo activities.