简介:肺内充满空气的空腔,例如,bullae,气泡,和囊肿,被认为会导致潜水员的上肺气压伤(PBT)和动脉气体栓塞(AGE)。然而,关于健康成人大疱患病率的文献尚不清楚,范围为2.3-33.8%。虽然这可以部分解释为由于放射学成像质量的提高,比如计算机断层扫描(CT)扫描,其他方法学因素也可能影响这些发现.这项研究旨在确定年轻和健康成年人中大疱的患病率。方法:这项单中心横断面观察性研究重新评估了因临床怀疑肺栓塞而进行的成人(18-40岁)的CT扫描,2016年1月1日至2020年3月1日。大疱的存在记录在电子数据库中。卡方和Fisher精确检验用于统计分析。此外,我们进行了多因素logistic回归分析,以研究已确定的危险因素的独立预测价值.结果:共确诊1,014例,其中836可以包括在内。年龄组(18-25、26-30、31-35和36-40)之间的分布几乎相等,然而,75%的人口是女性。在男性比例中,41%吸烟,女性为27%。在7.2%(95%CI5.6-9.1)中,大疱被鉴定。患病率随着年龄的增长而增加(p<0.001),在年龄最大的年龄组中,奇数比率高达5.347(95%CI2.164-13.213,p<0.001)。男性和吸烟者大疱的比值比更高,为2.460(95%CI1.144-4.208;p=0.001)和3.406(95%CI1.878-6.157,p<0.001),分别。在多变量逻辑回归分析中也看到了类似的结果,在哪里年龄,男性和吸烟均是大疱的独立危险因素。讨论:在40岁以下的健康人群中,有7.2%的人出现了Bullae。年龄增长,吸烟,男性被确定为具有统计学意义的危险因素,在独立和多变量逻辑回归分析中。我们的观察结果可能需要重新评估大鱼对PBT和AGE的贡献,由于后两者很少发生,并且bullae似乎比以前假设的更频繁地存在。
Introduction: Intrapulmonary air-filled cavities, e.g., bullae, blebs, and cysts, are believed to contribute topulmonary barotrauma (PBT) and arterial gas embolism (AGE) in divers. However, literature is unclear about the prevalence of bullae in healthy adults, ranging from 2.3-33.8%. While this could in part be explained due to increasing quality of radiologic imaging, such as computed tomography (CT) scans, other methodological factors may also affect these findings. This study aims to ascertain the prevalence of bullae in young and healthy adults. Methods: This single-center cross-sectional observational study re-assessed the CT scans of adults (aged 18-40) performed for a clinical suspicion for pulmonary embolism, from 1 January 2016 to 1 March 2020. Presence of bullae was recorded in an electronic database. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used for statistical analyses. Additionally, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to study the independent predictive value of identified risk factors. Results: A total of 1,014 cases were identified, of which 836 could be included. Distribution amongst age groups (18-25, 26-30, 31-35, and 36-40) was almost equally, however, 75% of the population was female. Of the male proportion, 41% smoked, compared to 27% in females. In 7.2% (95% CI 5.6-9.1) bullae were identified. The prevalence increased with increasing age (p < 0.001), with odd ratios up to 5.347 (95% CI 2.164-13.213, p < 0.001) in the oldest age group. Males and smokers had higher odds ratios for bullae of 2.460 (95% CI 1.144-4.208; p = 0.001) and 3.406 (95% CI 1.878-6.157, p < 0.001), respectively. Similar results were seen in the multivariate logistic regression analysis, where age, male sex and smoking were all statistically significant independent risk factors for bullae. Discussion: Bullae were seen in 7.2% of a healthy population up to 40 years old. Increasing age, smoking, and being male were identified as statistically significant risk factors, both in independent and in multivariate logistic regression analyses. Our observations may warrant a re-evaluation of the contribution of bullae to PBT and AGE, as the latter two occur very rarely and bullae appear to be more frequently present than earlier assumed.