■尽管近年来自闭症的包容性和接受度有所增加,自闭症患者继续面临污名化,排除,和受害。根据简短的10秒视频,在特征和行为意图方面,非自闭症成年人对自闭症成年人的评价低于非自闭症成年人。在目前的研究中,我们扩展了这一范式,以调查非自闭症成人评估者对自闭症和非自闭症儿童的第一印象,并研究评估者自身特征与对自闭症儿童偏见之间的关系。
■对来自15名自闭症儿童和15名非自闭症儿童的视频录制访谈片段,以音频和视频形式向346名本科生展示,仅音频,仅限视频,抄本,抄本或静止图像条件。参与者对每个孩子的一系列特征和行为意图进行了评估,然后完成了一系列衡量自己社交能力的问卷,自闭症特征,自闭症患者过去经历的数量和质量,和明显的自闭症耻辱。
■总的来说,自闭症儿童比非自闭症儿童受到负面评价,特别是在包含音频的条件下。具有较高社交能力和明显自闭症污名的评估者对自闭症儿童的评价更为负面,而具有更多自闭症特征和自闭症患者更积极的过去经历的评估者对自闭症儿童的评估更积极。
■这些快速的负面判断可能会导致自闭症儿童遭受的社会排斥。研究结果表明,某些个人特征可能与自闭症的污名化观点以及与自闭症患者互动的意愿下降有关。讨论了这些发现对自闭症患者的社会包容和福祉的影响。
UNASSIGNED: Although autism inclusion and acceptance has increased in recent years, autistic people continue to face stigmatization, exclusion, and victimization. Based on brief 10-second videos, non-autistic adults rate autistic adults less favourably than they rate non-autistic adults in terms of traits and behavioural intentions. In the current study, we extended this paradigm to investigate the first impressions of autistic and non-autistic children by non-autistic adult raters and examined the relationship between the rater\'s own characteristics and bias against autistic children.
UNASSIGNED: Segments of video recorded interviews from 15 autistic and 15 non-autistic children were shown to 346 undergraduate students in audio with video, audio only, video only, transcript, or still image conditions. Participants rated each child on a series of traits and behavioural intentions toward the child, and then completed a series of questionnaires measuring their own social competence, autistic traits, quantity and quality of past experiences with autistic people, and explicit autism stigma.
UNASSIGNED: Overall, autistic children were rated more negatively than non-autistic children, particularly in conditions containing audio. Raters with higher social competence and explicit autism stigma rated autistic children more negatively, whereas raters with more autistic traits and more positive past experiences with autistic people rated autistic children more positively.
UNASSIGNED: These rapid negative judgments may contribute to the social exclusion experienced by autistic children. The findings indicate that certain personal characteristics may be related to more stigmatised views of autism and decreased willingness to interact with the autistic person. The implications of the findings are discussed in relation to the social inclusion and well-being of autistic people.