数字认知可能会体现出来,也就是说,植根于身体行为。这一说法得到了以下观察的支持:可能是由于我们共同的生物学,手指计数在各种文化中很普遍。即使在西方文化中,手指计数的差异也很明显。相对而言,在传统的手指计数和计数方面系统地分析了很少的土著文化(即,用手指传达数字)例程。更少的研究在不同文化中使用相同的协议,允许系统比较土著和西方的手指计数程序。我们分析了Tsimane\'(N=121)的手指计数和采样程序,生活在玻利维亚亚马逊雨林的土著人民,根据惯用手,教育水平,和接触主流,工业化的玻利维亚文化。将Tsimane\'套路与德国和英国参与者的套路进行了比较。Tsimane\'揭示了手指计数和Montring例程的更大变化,这似乎被他们的教育水平所改变。我们概述了一个框架,说明诸如惯用手和阅读方向之类的不同因素如何影响手指计数中的跨文化和文化差异。
Numerical cognition might be embodied, that is, grounded in bodily actions. This claim is supported by the observation that, potentially due to our shared biology, finger counting is prevalent among a variety of cultures. Differences in finger counting are apparent even within Western cultures. Relatively few indigenous cultures have been systematically analyzed in terms of traditional finger counting and montring (i.e., communicating numbers with fingers) routines. Even fewer studies used the same protocols across cultures, allowing for a systematic comparison of indigenous and Western finger counting routines. We analyze the finger counting and montring routines of Tsimane\' (N = 121), an indigenous people living in the Bolivian Amazon rainforest, depending on handedness, education level, and exposure to mainstream, industrialized Bolivian culture. Tsimane\' routines are compared with those of German and British participants. Tsimane\' reveal a greater variation in finger counting and montring routines, which seems to be modified by their education level. We outline a framework on how different factors such as handedness and reading direction might affect cross-cultural and within-cultural variation in finger counting.