背景:手脚骨折在儿童中很常见,但目前缺乏相关的流行病学研究。目的研究儿童手足骨折和生长板损伤的流行病学特征,为其预防提供理论依据。诊断,和治疗。
方法:回顾性分析2015年7月至2020年12月深圳市儿童医院住院的手足骨折患儿的临床资料。关于人口特征的数据,骨折部位,治疗方法,损伤的病因,并收集了伴随的伤害。儿童分为四个年龄组:婴儿,学龄前儿童,学童,和青少年。骨折部位被归类为一级(第一-第五个手指/脚趾,掌骨,meta骨,腕骨,和tar骨)和第二级(第一第五:近端指骨,中间方阵,远端指骨,掌骨,和meta骨)部位。分析各年龄组儿童骨折部位及损伤原因的变化趋势。
结果:总体而言,包括1301名儿童(1561名骨折;835名男孩和466名女孩)。学龄前儿童骨折发生率最高(n=549,42.20%),第三指的远端指骨是最常见的部位(n=73,15.57%)。青少年骨折的数量最少(n=158,12.14%),最常见的骨折部位是第五指近指骨(n=45,29.61%)。在1561处骨折中,1143发生在手和418在脚。手部骨折中最常见和最不常见的一级骨折部位是第五(n=300,26.25%)和第一(n=138,12.07%)手指,分别。最常见和最不常见的一级足骨折位置是第一(n=83,19.86%)和第四(n=26,6.22%)脚趾,分别。最常见的一级和二级病因是生命相关损伤(n=1128,86.70%)和夹闭损伤(n=428,32.90%),分别。随着年龄的增长,运动损伤的发生率逐渐增高,占青少年比例最高(26.58%)。手和脚骨折有许多伴随的伤害,前三名是甲床伤(570例,36.52%),生长板损伤(296例,18.96%),远端骨折(167例,10.70%)。在296名生长板受伤中,246发生在手上,50发生在脚上。
结论:与以往关于小儿手足骨折的流行病学研究相比,我们绘制了这些骨折的位置,包括近端,轴,远端,骨phy板损伤。我们分析了骨折部位和损伤病因随年龄的变化趋势。手和足骨折有许多伴随的损伤,需要在诊断和治疗期间注意。医生应针对不同年龄段的儿童制定事故防护措施,加强安全教育,减少意外伤害的发生。
BACKGROUND: Fractures of hands and
feet are common in children, but relevant epidemiological studies are currently lacking. We aim to study the epidemiological characteristics of hand and foot fractures and growth plate injuries in children and provide a theoretical basis for their prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data of children with hand and foot fractures who were hospitalized at Shenzhen Children\'s Hospital between July 2015 and December 2020. Data on demographic characteristics, fracture site, treatment method, etiology of injury, and accompanying injuries were collected. The children were divided into four age groups: infants, preschool children, school children, and adolescents. The fracture sites were classified as first-level (the first-fifth finger/toe, metacarpal, metatarsal, carpal, and tarsal) and second-level (the first-fifth: proximal phalanx, middle phalanx, distal phalanx, metacarpal, and metatarsal) sites. The changing trends in fracture locations and injury causes among children in each age group were analyzed.
RESULTS: Overall, 1301 children (1561 fractures; 835 boys and 466 girls) were included. The largest number of fractures occurred in preschool children (n = 549, 42.20%), with the distal phalanx of the third finger being the most common site (n = 73, 15.57%). The number of fractures in adolescents was the lowest (n = 158, 12.14%), and the most common fracture site was the proximal phalanx of the fifth finger (n = 45, 29.61%). Of the 1561 fractures, 1143 occurred in the hands and 418 in the
feet. The most and least common first-level fracture sites among hand fractures were the fifth (n = 300, 26.25%) and first (n = 138, 12.07%) fingers, respectively. The most and least common first-level foot fracture locations were the first (n = 83, 19.86%) and fourth (n = 26, 6.22%) toes, respectively. The most common first-level and second level etiologies were life related injuries (n = 1128, 86.70%) and clipping injuries (n = 428, 32.90%), respectively. The incidence of sports injuries gradually increased with age, accounting for the highest proportion in adolescents (26.58%). Hand and foot fractures had many accompanying injuries, with the top three being nail bed injuries (570 cases, 36.52%), growth plate injuries (296 cases, 18.96%), and distal severed fracture (167 cases, 10.70%). Among the 296 growth plate injuries, 246 occurred on the hands and 50 on the
feet.
CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to previous epidemiological studies on pediatric hand and foot fractures, we mapped the locations of these fractures, including proximal, shaft, distal, and epiphyseal plate injuries. We analyzed the changing trends in fracture sites and injury etiologies with age. Hand and foot fractures have many accompanying injuries that require attention during diagnosis and treatment. Doctors should formulate accident protection measures for children of different ages, strengthen safety education, and reduce the occurrence of accidental injuries.