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The United States (US) is experiencing a maternal health crisis, with high rates of maternal morbidity and mortality. The US has the highest rates of pregnancy-related mortality among industrialized nations. Maternal mortality has more than quadrupled over the last decades. Rural areas and minoritized populations are disproportionately affected. Increased pregnancy-care workforce with greater participation from family medicine, greater collaborative care, and adequate postpartum care could prevent many maternal deaths. However, more than 40% of birthing people in the US receive no postpartum care. No singular solutions can address the complex contributors to the current situation, and efforts to address the crisis must address workforce shortages and improve care during and after pregnancy. This essay explores the role family medicine (FM) can play in addressing the crisis. We discuss pregnancy care training in FM residencies as well as the threats posed by financial and medico-legal climates to the maternal health workforce. We explore how collaborative care models and comprehensive postpartum care may impact the maternal health workforce. Efforts and resources devoted to high impact solutions for which FM has considerable autonomy, including collaborative and postpartum care, are likely to have greatest impact.

BACKGROUND: During the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, in-person interviews for the recruitment of family medicine residents shifted to online (virtual) interviews. The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to gather the ideas about virtual interviews of family medicine applicants (interviewees), and faculty and staff who interviewed these applicants (interviewers), and (2) to describe interviewers\' and interviewees\' opinions of use of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) in the recruitment process as well as during clinical practice.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional survey study. Participants were both interviewers and candidates who applied to the McGill University Family Medicine Residency Program for the 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 cycles.
RESULTS: The study population was constituted by N = 132 applicants and N = 60 interviewers. The response rate was 91.7% (55/60) for interviewers and 43.2% (57/132) for interviewees. Both interviewers (43.7%) and interviewees (68.5%) were satisfied with connecting through virtual interviews. Interviewers (43.75%) and interviewees (55.5%) would prefer for both options to be available. Both interviewers (50%) and interviewees (72%) were interested in emerging technologies. Almost all interviewees (95.8%) were interested in learning about AI and VR and its application in clinical practice with the majority (60.8%) agreeing that it should be taught within medical training.
CONCLUSIONS: Although experience of virtual interviewing during the COVID-19 pandemic has been positive for both interviewees and interviewers, the findings of this study suggest that it will be unlikely that virtual interviews completely replace in-person interviews for selecting candidates for family medicine residency programs in the long term as participants value aspects of in-person interviews and would want a choice in format. Since incoming family medicine physicians seem to be eager to learn and utilize emerging technologies such as AI and VR, educators and institutions should consider family physicians\' needs due to the changing technological landscape in family medicine education.

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UNASSIGNED: Diabetes-related care makes up approximately 24% of outpatient clinic visits. Therefore, confidence and understanding of diabetes management is necessary for family medicine residents.
UNASSIGNED: We developed a combined lecture and simulation lab curriculum utilizing a registered nurse and pharmacist to deliver education to 20 family medicine learners. Pre and post surveys of the educational material were completed in 2 sections including one gauging medical knowledge and a second part gauging level of comfort.
UNASSIGNED: Of the learners who participated, fourteen completed the pre-post surveys. Most (53%) respondents improved their scores, while 20% scored the same 27% scored worse. The overall average score increased 57% to 70% and improvement was statistically significant (P < .05). All learners improved confidence by at least 1 point.
UNASSIGNED: An interprofessional team utilizing a lecture curriculum focusing on providing education on effective prescribing, medication safety profiles, and resource availability, showed improvement in confidence but mixed knowledge benefit. Further modifications to the curriculum may yield further educational gains.

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BACKGROUND:  Decentralising medical school training enhances curriculum relevance, exposing students to generalist patient care in diverse contexts.
OBJECTIVE:  The aim of the study was to understand the student experiences of learning during their 7-week Family Medicine rural rotation.
METHODS:  Final year medical students who had completed their Family Medicine rotation in November 2022.
METHODS:  A qualitative study involving 24 final year students (four semi- structured interviews and four focus group discussions [4 x 5 students]). All interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.
RESULTS:  Analysis revealed positive learning experiences and identified the following themes: taking responsibility for learning, the generalist context, teaching and learning in context and managing the learning environment.
CONCLUSIONS:  Active participation in hospital activities, exposure to disorientating dilemmas that challenged assumptions and reflection on these experiences led to transformative learning and knowledge co-construction.Contribution: The study contributes to the discussion and reinforces the advantages of distributed, experiential training, highlighting the positive impact of meaningful participation and transformative learning opportunities.

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UNASSIGNED: Behavioral and mental health conditions present significant challenges in the United States where access to care is limited. Family medicine physicians play a crucial role in addressing these challenges, often serving as frontline clinicians for behavioral and mental health conditions.
UNASSIGNED: This study examined the current behavioral and mental health system in a predominantly rural 10-county region in the Southeastern United States through gap analysis in addition to a survey of preparedness and barriers among family medicine physicians in the region.
UNASSIGNED: Gap analysis results indicated that (1) stigma and lack of accessible education about behavioral and mental health, (2) fragmented resources, (3) inaccessible care, and (4) workforce shortage and burnout were primary drivers of poor outcomes in the region. Survey results indicated that physicians feel prepared to treat anxiety and depression but feel less prepared to manage bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and substance use disorders. Respondents disagreed that there are adequate local resources and referral options for patients with behavioral and mental health conditions. Lack of timely access, distance, cost/insurance status, were all cited by respondents as barriers to appropriate care.
UNASSIGNED: Findings underscore the importance of supporting family medicine physicians to enhance behavioral and mental healthcare outcomes. Behavioral health integration in primary care settings is a promising strategy to improve care accessibility and clinician preparedness. Bridging gaps in health care outcomes requires collaborative efforts, enhanced training, and policy advocacy within the family medicine community to ensure comprehensive and equitable behavioral and mental healthcare delivery.

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