背景:三叉神经疾病,口面部的感觉神经,经常导致牙科诊所的并发症,包括神经性疼痛,异常性疼痛,和异位疼痛。这些并发症的治疗需要了解三叉神经节的细胞结构,三叉神经的细胞体所在的位置,以及细胞间相互作用的机制。
结论:在三叉神经节,神经节,卫星,施万,和免疫细胞共存并相互作用。细胞间的相互作用是复杂的,通过间隙连接直接接触或通过介质如三磷酸腺苷,一氧化氮,肽,和细胞因子。三叉神经节内的神经系统和免疫系统之间的相互作用可能在神经损伤期间具有神经保护作用,或者可能加剧炎症并产生慢性疼痛。在三叉神经的病理条件下,细胞间相互作用可引起异常性疼痛和异位疼痛。尽管通过介体发生的细胞-细胞相互作用可以在一定距离内发挥作用,当细胞靠近时,它们更有效。因此,三叉神经节细胞的三维形貌信息对于理解异位疼痛的病理生理学至关重要。
结论:三叉神经节神经元的体位定位的三维图显示,支配远口面部区域的神经节细胞通常彼此并列,与异位疼痛互动并可能导致异位疼痛。阐明负责三叉神经节内细胞间通讯的介质及其受体的复杂网络对于理解异位疼痛至关重要。
BACKGROUND: Disorders of the trigeminal nerve, a sensory nerve of the orofacial region, often lead to complications in dental practice, including neuropathic pain, allodynia, and ectopic pain. Management of these complications requires an understanding of the cytoarchitecture of the trigeminal ganglion, where the cell bodies of the trigeminal nerve are located, and the mechanisms of cell-cell interactions.
CONCLUSIONS: In the trigeminal ganglion, ganglion, satellite, Schwann, and immune cells coexist and interact. Cell-cell interactions are complex and occur through direct contact via gap junctions or through mediators such as adenosine triphosphate, nitric oxide, peptides, and cytokines. Interactions between the nervous and immune systems within the trigeminal ganglion may have neuroprotective effects during nerve injury or may exacerbate inflammation and produce chronic pain. Under pathological conditions of the trigeminal nerve, cell-cell interactions can cause allodynia and ectopic pain. Although cell-cell interactions that occur via mediators can act at some distance, they are more effective when the cells are close together. Therefore, information on the three-dimensional topography of trigeminal ganglion cells is essential for understanding the pathophysiology of ectopic pain.
CONCLUSIONS: A three-dimensional map of the somatotopic localization of trigeminal ganglion neurons revealed that ganglion cells innervating distant orofacial regions are often apposed to each other, interacting with and potentially contributing to ectopic pain. Elucidation of the complex network of mediators and their receptors responsible for intercellular communication within the trigeminal ganglion is essential for understanding ectopic pain.