目标:全球,气候变化引发的障碍导致了栖息地碎片化和种群异同。在整个北美,第四纪期间的振荡在野生动物的分布中起着重要作用。值得注意的是,来自北美西部下加利福尼亚半岛的多种植物,在更新世冰川-间冰期周期中孤立,在其范围内表现出强大的遗传结构和高度一致的分歧谱系。半岛的代表性植物属是丝兰,Y.valida的范围最广。虽然是优势物种,它在26°N和27°N之间具有广泛的分布不连续性,提示基因流动受限.此外,历史分布模型表明,在最后一次间冰期中,没有适合该物种的区域,使其成为研究遗传差异的有趣模型。
方法:我们组装了来自147株Y.valida植物的4411个SNP,以检查其系统地理学,以确定遗传谱系的数量。量化它们的遗传分化,重建他们的人口历史并估计物种的年龄。
结果:基于SNP鉴定了三个异型谱系。我们的分析支持遗传漂变是这些谱系之间遗传分化的驱动因素。我们估计Y.valida及其姐妹物种的共同祖先的年龄不到100万年。
结论:气候变化引起的生境碎片化,低分散性,和广泛的地理范围差距作为累积机制,导致Y.valida的异形差异。
OBJECTIVE: Globally, barriers triggered by climatic changes have caused habitat fragmentation and population allopatric divergence. Across North America, oscillations during the Quaternary have played important roles in the distribution of wildlife. Notably, diverse plant species from the Baja California Peninsula in western North America, isolated during the Pleistocene glacial-interglacial cycles, exhibit strong genetic structure and highly concordant divergent lineages across their ranges. A representative plant genus of the peninsula is Yucca, with Y. valida having the widest range. Although a dominant species, it has an extensive distribution discontinuity between 26° N and 27° N, suggesting restricted gene flow. Moreover, historical distribution models indicate the absence of an area with suitable conditions for the species during the Last Interglacial, making it an interesting model for studying genetic divergence.
METHODS: We assembled 4411 SNPs from 147 plants of Y. valida throughout its range to examine its phylogeography to identify the number of genetic lineages, quantify their genetic differentiation, reconstruct their demographic history and estimate the age of the species.
RESULTS: Three allopatric lineages were identified based on the SNPs. Our analyses support that genetic drift is the driver of genetic differentiation among these lineages. We estimated an age of less than 1 million years for the common ancestor of Y. valida and its sister species.
CONCLUSIONS: Habitat fragmentation caused by climatic changes, low dispersal, and an extensive geographical range gap acted as cumulative mechanisms leading to allopatric divergence in Y. valida.