塑料废物在近海和海洋中无处不在,数量不断增加,不可避免地,微生物群落定植在塑料上形成生物膜,它们已经成为抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)的传播载体。这项研究集中在塑料性能的影响,包括硬度,润湿性,和生物质上的zeta电位,在特定塑料(聚乙烯(PE),聚丙烯(PP),和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET))在河口环境中。结果表明,与PP相比,更多的生物量以更多的干重为特征,在PE和PET上形成的生物膜中发现了叶绿素a(Chla)和总有机碳(TOC),这可能与它们较低的表面润湿性有关。蛋白质细菌是主要的原核生物门,占53.06%,81.90%,37.06%,76.25%,PE上生物膜总序列的54.27%,PP,PET,水和沉积物,分别。子囊是生物膜中主要的真核生物门,水,和沉积物,它们的丰度在PP上的生物膜中升高,占34.73%。与PE(2.59)和PET(0.23)相比,PP上的生物膜具有更高的ARG相对丰度(3.13)。此外,塑料生物膜特性(例如干重,Chla,和TOC)和微生物群落(例如,真菌和变形杆菌)可能参与调节ARG的丰度。此外,移动遗传元件(MGEs)与ARGs的绝对和相对丰度显著相关,表明MGE可能调控ARGs在生物膜中的迁移。一起来看,这项调查提供了塑料类型的意义,表面属性,和周围环境在塑料上形成的生物膜中塑造微生物群落和ARG。
Plastic wastes are ubiquitous in the offshore and oceans with an increasing quantity, and inevitably, microbial communities colonized the plastics to form biofilms, which have become dispersal vectors for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This study focused on the impact of plastic properties including hardness, wettability, and zeta-potential on the biomass, prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities and ARGs in biofilms formed on specific plastics (polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET)) in an estuarine environment. The results showed that, in comparison to PP, more biomass characterized by more dry weight, chlorophyll a (Chl a) and total organic carbon (TOC) was found in biofilms formed on PE and PET, which may be related to their lower surface wettability. Proteobacteria were the dominant prokaryotic phyla, and they accounted for 53.06%, 81.90%, 37.06%, 76.25%, and 54.27% of the total sequences in biofilms on PE, PP, PET, water and sediment, respectively. Ascomycota were the predominant eukaryotic phyla in biofilms, water, and sediment, and their abundances were elevated in biofilms on PP, which accounted for 34.73%. The biofilms on PP had a higher relative abundance of ARGs (3.13) compared to those on PE (2.59) and PET (0.23). Furthermore, both the plastic-biofilm properties (e.g. dry weight, Chl a, and TOC) and microbial communities (e.g., Fungi and Proteobacteria) may be involved in regulating the abundance of ARGs. Moreover, mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were significantly correlated to both the absolute and relative abundance of ARGs, indicating that MGEs may regulate the migration of ARGs in biofilms. Taken together, this investigation provides the significance of the plastic type, surface properties, and surrounding environments in shaping microbial communities and ARGs in biofilms formed on plastics.