子宫内膜来源的子宫组织营养是整个妊娠过程中营养供应不断增长的概念的关键组成部分;然而,在多胎奶牛中,营养平面对组织营养组成的影响仍然未知。我们假设不同的营养平面会改变肉牛的组织营养和血清营养成分。因此,我们评估了血清和组织营养氨基酸和葡萄糖组成,和血清非酯化脂肪酸(NEFA)和血尿素氮(BUN)单独饲喂以保持体重(0kd/d,n=9;CON)与那些失去中等体重的人(-0.7kg/d,n=9;NEG)。经过49天的不同营养平面,奶牛接受7天CoSynch+CIDR发情同步方案,然后在第62天屠宰。收集血清(d0和62)和子宫组织营养[d62;从同侧和对侧子宫角黄体(CL)]并分析氨基酸浓度,葡萄糖,和NEFA。性能特点,通过超声波的身体成分(D0和62),并收集了胴体特征。身体状况评分,体重的变化,平均日增益(ADG),干物质摄入量(drymatteradvance,drymatter),和增益:饲料(G:F)在NEG与降低(P≤0.05)CON奶牛.身体成分或屠体特征没有差异,除了由于肠道填充量的差异导致NEG奶牛的敷料百分比增加(P≤0.05)之外,与研究设计一致。NEG组血清NEFA升高(P≤0.05),但是NEG与CON中的葡萄糖或BUN。血清组氨酸增加(P≤0.05)和丙氨酸,异亮氨酸和色氨酸在NEG与CON奶牛.与CL同侧子宫角相比,从对侧子宫角到CL的组织营养增加(P≤0.05)异亮氨酸,天冬酰胺,NEG奶牛的脯氨酸浓度,色氨酸占必需氨基酸和总氨基酸的比例降低(P≤0.05)。CL对侧或同侧组织营养的葡萄糖浓度没有差异。牛营养平面确实会改变血清和组织营养氨基酸组成,尽管胚胎的存在可能是充分阐明这些变化所必需的。由于其作为蛋白质合成和生物活性影响中的必需氨基酸的重要性,因此在未来的研究中应考虑血清和组织营养色氨酸的差异。
Endometrial-derived uterine histotroph is a critical component of nutrient supply to a growing conceptus throughout gestation; however, the effect of nutritional plane on histotroph nutrient composition remains unknown in multiparous cows. We hypothesized that differing planes of nutrition would alter histotroph and serum nutrient composition in beef cattle. Thus, we evaluated serum and histotroph amino acid and glucose composition, and serum non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in cows individually fed to maintain body weight (BW; 0 kd/d, n = 9; CON) compared with those losing moderate BW (-0.7 kg/d, n = 9; NEG). After 49 d of differing nutritional planes, cows were subjected to the 7-d CoSynch + controlled internal drug release device estrus synchronization protocol and then slaughtered on day 62. Blood serum (days 0 and 62) and uterine histotroph [day 62; from uterine horns ipsilateral and contralateral to the corpus luteum (CL)] were collected and analyzed for concentrations of amino acids, glucose, and NEFA. Performance characteristics, body composition via ultrasound (days 0 and 62), and carcass characteristics were collected. Body condition score, change in BW, average daily gain, dry matter intake, and gain:feed were decreased (P ≤ 0.05) in NEG vs. CON cows. There were no differences in body composition or carcass characteristics, except an increase (P ≤ 0.05) in dressing percentage in NEG cows due to differences in gut fill, consistent with study design. Serum NEFA increased (P ≤ 0.05) in the NEG group, but there were no differences between NEG vs. CON in glucose or BUN. Serum histidine increased (P ≤ 0.05) and alanine, isoleucine, and tryptophan decreased (P ≤ 0.05) in NEG vs. CON cows. Compared with that of the uterine horn ipsilateral to the CL, histotroph from the uterine horn contralateral to the CL had increased (P ≤ 0.05) isoleucine, asparagine, and proline concentrations in NEG cows, and decreased (P ≤ 0.05) tryptophan as a proportion of essential and total amino acids. There were no differences in glucose concentrations of histotroph contralateral or ipsilateral to the CL. Cow nutritional plane does alter serum and histotroph amino acid composition, although the presence of an embryo may be necessary to fully elucidate these changes. Differences in serum and histotroph tryptophan should be given consideration in future studies due to its importance as an essential amino acid in protein synthesis and bioactive affects.
Amino acids are important in protein synthesis and bioactive affects. Maternal diet could impact histotroph amino acid composition which serves as a nutrient supply to the conceptus throughout pregnancy and is especially critical during early pregnancy, before the placenta is fully functional. Cows were subjected to their diets for 62 d, resulting in decreased body condition, average daily gain, dry matter intake, G:F, and a greater change in body weight (BW) among moderate loss cows. These data demonstrate our model for moderate BW loss was successful. Moderate BW loss cows exhibited alterations in serum and histotroph amino acid composition in the uterine horn contralateral to the corpus luteum (CL). However, in the present study, histotroph amino acid alterations were in the uterine horn contralateral to the CL, which would be opposite of the developing conceptus. Nevertheless, because the 2 uterine horns communicate via the common uterine body, the pre-implantation conceptus should have access to the histotroph from the contralateral uterine horn. Thus, future studies are needed to fully elucidate effects of nutritional plane on histotroph nutrient composition, and its potential impact on pregnancy.