目的:评估西班牙医院实施预防用药差错的程度。
方法:对医院药物使用系统安全自我评估中包含的安全实践实施程度的描述性多中心研究。版本。II\"。西班牙医院在10月之间完成了问卷,2021年9月,2022年参与。调查包含265个评估项目,分为10个关键要素。基于总体调查的最大可能值的平均得分和平均百分比,对于关键要素,并对每个单独的评价项目进行了计算。将结果与先前2011年研究的结果进行了比较。
结果:共有来自15个自治区的131家医院参与了这项研究。所有医院的总体问卷的平均得分为898.2(最大可能得分的57.4%)。根据依赖性没有发现差异,尺寸,或者医院的类型,无论是在总体问卷中还是在关键要素中。发现关键要素VIII的最低值,I和VI,关于卫生专业人员在安全实践方面的能力和培训(45.1%),患者基本信息的可用性和可及性(48%),和给药装置(52.3%)。关于2011年,发现总体问卷和关键要素都有显著增加,除了V和VII,提到标准化,storage,以及药物的分配,环境因素和人力资源。关于高危药品安全管理的几个评价项目,药物和解,将临床药师纳入医疗团队,以及实施允许整个药物系统完全可追溯的技术,显示低百分比。
结论:西班牙医院在实施一些预防用药错误的做法方面取得了明显进展,但是世界卫生组织和安全组织推荐的许多经过验证的疗效实践仍然执行不力。获得的信息可用于确定要处理的做法的优先次序,并作为监测进展的新基线。
To assess the degree of implementation of medication error prevention practices in Spanish hospitals.
Descriptive multicenter study of the degree of implementation of the safety practices included in the \"Medication use-system safety self-assessment for hospitals. Version. II\". Spanish hospitals that completed the questionnaire between October, 2021 and September, 2022 participated. The survey contains 265 items for evaluation grouped into 10 key elements. Mean score and mean percentages based on the maximum possible values for the overall survey, for the key elements, and for each individual item of evaluation were calculated. The results were compared with those of the previous 2011 study.
A total of 131 hospitals from 15 autonomous regions participated in the study. The mean score of the overall questionnaire in all hospitals was 898.2 (57.4% of the maximum possible score). No differences were found according to dependency, size, or type of hospital, either in the overall questionnaire or in the key elements. The lowest values were found for key elements VIII, I and VI, on competence and training of health professionals in safety practices (45.1%), availability and accessibility of essential information on patients (48%), and devices for administering drugs (52.3%). With respect to 2011, significant increases were found both in the overall questionnaire and in the key elements, except V and VII, referring to standardization, storage, and distribution of medications, and environmental factors and human resources. Several evaluation items on the safe management of high-risk drugs, medication reconciliation, incorporation of clinical pharmacists into the healthcare teams, and implementation of technologies that allow full traceability throughout the medication system, showed low percentages.
There has been appreciable progress in the degree of implementation of some medication error prevention practices in Spanish hospitals, but many proven efficacy practices recommended by the World Health Organization and safety organizations are still poorly implemented. The information obtained can be useful for prioritizing the practices to be addressed and as a new baseline for monitoring progress.