人类暴露于创伤弧菌,革兰氏阴性,嗜盐环境病原体,正在增加。尽管如此,其致病性和毒力的机制仍不清楚。每一年,发生了数百种与创伤弧菌相关的感染,导致92%的病例住院,死亡率为35%。感染很严重,通常通过食用受污染的食物或将开放性伤口暴露于受污染的水而收缩。这可能导致坏死性筋膜炎和需要截肢感染的组织。虽然几个基因(rtxtA1,vvpE,和vvhA)与这种生物的致病性有关,尚未发现定义的机制。在这项研究中,我们使用斑马鱼模型(Daniorerio)检查环境分离的创伤弧菌菌株,以研究其毒力能力。我们发现单个菌株之间的毒力存在显着差异。常用的致病菌株标记基因,vcgC,没有准确预测毒性更强的菌株。值得注意的是,研究中毒性最小的菌株,V.创伤9月WR1-BW6,vcgC检测呈阳性,vvha,和rtxA1,没有引起严重的疾病的鱼,是唯一的菌株,没有导致任何死亡。我们的研究表明,毒力在不同环境菌株之间差异很大,不能仅根据基因型进行准确预测。
Human exposure to Vibrio vulnificus, a gram-negative, halophilic environmental pathogen, is increasing. Despite this, the mechanisms of its pathogenicity and virulence remain largely unknown. Each year, hundreds of infections related to V. vulnificus occur, leading to hospitalization in 92% of cases and a mortality rate of 35%. The infection is severe, typically contracted through the consumption of contaminated food or exposure of an open wound to contaminated water. This can result in necrotizing fasciitis and the need for amputation of the infected tissue. Although several genes (rtxA1, vvpE, and vvhA) have been implicated in the pathogenicity of this organism, a defined mechanism has not been discovered. In this study, we examine environmentally isolated V. vulnificus strains using a zebrafish model (Danio rerio) to investigate their virulence capabilities. We found significant variation in virulence between individual strains. The commonly used marker gene of disease-causing strains, vcgC, did not accurately predict the more virulent strains. Notably, the least virulent strain in the study, V. vulnificus Sept WR1-BW6, which tested positive for vcgC, vvhA, and rtxA1, did not cause severe disease in the fish and was the only strain that did not result in any mortality. Our study demonstrates that virulence varies greatly among different environmental strains and cannot be accurately predicted based solely on genotype.