目的:这篇综述旨在分析在具有耐药性微生物感染风险的环境中进行的清洁实践和清洁效率的研究,比如重症监护病房。
方法:在本研究中,对2005年至2020年的相关出版物进行了回顾性文献综述,使用关键词“交叉感染,感染控制,多重耐药细菌,重症监护,房间清洁,环境清洁,医院相关感染\“;使用国际数据库Pubmed,CINAHL和EBSCO和国内数据库ULAKBIM上的搜索引擎。研究人员独立审查了在电子搜索中发现的所有相关文章的标题和摘要。系统评价和荟萃分析方案指南的首选报告项目和患者,干预,比较,结果,研究设计模型用于分析研究。
结果:选定的研究分为四个主要类别:用于清洁的材料,采集环境样本之间的时间,清洁方法,和清洁的效率。在本文包括的研究中,八项是随机对照试验,三项是回顾性干预研究,两项为病例对照研究,一项为回顾性队列研究.
结论:今天,环境中清洁的评估可以通过不同的方法进行评估,但是这些方法都有优点和缺点。因此,在相关文献中,建议必须通过几种方法来评估清洁,不是只有一个。此外,对进行清洁的员工进行培训,并通过反馈来奖励正确的行为,是提高清洁效率的重要方法。建议必须每天进行清洁,定期使用有效的方法和设备;必须增加流行病期间的清洁频率,机构必须根据国际公认的循证指南准备清洁手册。
OBJECTIVE: This review aims to analyze the studies on cleaning practices and the efficiency of the cleaning carried out in environments that have a great risk of resistant microorganism infection, such as intensive care units.
METHODS: In this study, a retrospective literature review was undertaken of the relevant publications between the years 2005 and 2020, using the keywords \"Cross Infection, Infection Control, Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria, Intensive Care, Room Cleaning, Environmental Cleaning, Hospital-Associated Infection\"; using the international databases Pubmed, CINAHL and EBSCO and domestic database ULAKBIM on search engines. Titles and abstracts of all relevant articles found on electronic searches were reviewed by the researchers independently. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols guideline and Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, Study design model were used in analysing the studies.
RESULTS: The selected studies were reviewed in four main categories: Materials used in cleaning, the period between taking environmental samples, cleaning methods, and the efficiency of cleaning. Among the studies included herein, eight were randomized controlled trials, three were retrospective intervention studies, two were case-control studies and one was a retrospective cohort study.
CONCLUSIONS: Today, the assessment of cleaning in environments can be evaluated by different methods, but there are advantages and disadvantages of these methods. Therefore, in the relevant literature, it is suggested that cleaning must be evaluated by several methods, not only one. Also, training the staff that carries out the cleaning and rewarding correct behavior by giving feedback are important approaches to increase the efficiency of cleaning. It is suggested that cleaning must be carried out every day, regularly with effective methods and equipment; frequency of cleaning during epidemics must be increased, institutions must prepare cleaning manuals according to evidence-based guidelines that are recognized at an international level.