海面微层(SML),特别是在受季风影响的地区,在很大程度上仍未探索。这项研究旨在确定浓度,富集,以及控制表面活性物质(SASs)富集过程的因素,其中包括表面活性剂,溶解的单糖(MCHOs),多糖(PCHO),总溶解碳水化合物(TDCHOs),以及马来西亚半岛沿海地区周围的透明聚合物颗粒(TEP)。在西南(2023年8月和9月)和东北(2023年11月)季风期间收集了1m深度的SML样本和底层水(ULW)。表面活性剂,TEP,溶解的碳水化合物使用亚甲蓝进行光谱测定,阿尔辛蓝试验,和2,4,6-三(2-吡啶基)-s-三嗪(TPTZ),分别。结果表明,受人为活动影响的站点通常富集表面活性剂(富集因子,EF=1.40±0.91)和碳水化合物种类(TDCHOs=1.38±0.28,MCHOs=1.54±0.57,PCHO=1.85±1.43)。然而,在我们的研究中未观察到TEP富集(EF=0.68±0.24)。SML中的SASs与其潜在浓度相关,这意味着从底层水中运输可能是SML中物质的主要来源。在东北季风期间发现了高碳水化合物浓度和富集,这意味着雨水和径流会影响SML中的浓度。此外,SASs的富集在中等风速下持续存在,而在高风速下耗尽。
The sea surface microlayer (SML), particularly in monsoon-influenced regions, remains largely unexplored. This study aims to determine the concentrations,
enrichment, and factors controlling the
enrichment processes of surface-active substances (SASs), which include surfactants, dissolved monosaccharides (MCHOs), polysaccharides (PCHOs), total dissolved carbohydrates (TDCHOs), and transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs) around the coastal area of Malaysian Peninsula. The SML samples and underlying water (ULW) from a depth of 1 m were collected during the southwest (August and September 2023) and northeast (November 2023) monsoons. Surfactants, TEPs, and dissolved carbohydrates were measured spectrometrically using methylene blue, the Alcian blue assay, and 2,4,6-Tri(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), respectively. The results showed that stations influenced by anthropogenic activities were generally enriched with surfactants (
Enrichment factor, EF = 1.40 ± 0.91) and carbohydrate species (TDCHOs = 1.38 ± 0.28, MCHOs = 1.54 ± 0.57, PCHOs = 1.85 ± 1.43). However, TEP
enrichment was not observed in our study (EF = 0.68 ± 0.24). The SASs in the SML were correlated with their underlying concentrations, implying that transport from underlying water could be a major source of substances in the SML. High carbohydrate concentrations and
enrichment were found during the northeast monsoon, implying that rain and runoff water affect concentrations in the SML. Besides, the
enrichment of SASs persists at moderate wind speeds and is depleted at high wind speeds.