女性生殖系统对女性的健康至关重要,人类生殖和社会福祉。然而,传统研究模式的临床转化由于效果不确定和效率低而受到限制。新的证据表明,微流控芯片为研究女性生殖系统提供了有价值的平台,虽然没有一篇论文全面讨论过这个话题。这里,在PubMed中确定了14,669项记录中的161项研究,Scopus,WebofScience,ScienceDirect和IEEEXplore数据库。其中,61项研究集中在卵母细胞上,这进一步涉及文化,细胞手术(卵母细胞分离,旋转,摘除,和剥蚀),评估和冷冻保存。40项研究调查了通过微流控芯片操纵胚胎,覆盖体外受精,冷冻保存和功能评估。46项研究重建了体内器官的生理和病理状态,主要涉及胎盘和胎膜研究。14项研究进行药物筛选和毒性测试。在这次审查中,我们总结了目前微流控芯片在女性生殖系统研究中的应用,材料和方法的进步,讨论未来的挑战。目前的证据表明,微流控芯片辅助生殖系统重建是有希望的,迫切需要更多的研究。
The female reproductive system is essential to women\'s health, human reproduction and societal well-being. However, the clinical translation of traditional research models is restricted due to the uncertain effects and low efficiency. Emerging evidence shows that microfluidic chips provide valuable platforms for studying the female reproductive system, while no paper has ever comprehensively discussed the topic. Here, a total of 161 studies out of 14,669 records are identified in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and IEEE Xplore databases. Among these, 61 studies focus on oocytes, which further involves culture, cell surgeries (oocyte separation, rotation, enucleation, and denudation), evaluation and cryopreservation. Forty studies investigate embryo manipulation via microfluidic chips, covering in vitro fertilization, cryopreservation and functional evaluation. Forty-six studies reconstitute both the physiological and pathological statuses of in vivo organs, mostly involved in placenta and fetal membrane research. Fourteen studies perform drug screening and toxicity testing. In this review, we summarize the current application of microfluidic chips in studying the female reproductive system, the advancements in materials and methods, and discuss the future challenges. The present evidence suggests that microfluidic chips-assisted reproductive system reconstruction is promising and more studies are urgently needed.