背景:在过去的几年中,由于口交引起的口腔和咽部体征和症状显着增加。然而,在医学文献中没有发现与该主题相关的评论文章.我们研究的目的是确定与口生殖器/口肛门接触相关的耳鼻咽喉科表现,无论是成人还是儿童,在自愿性行为或性虐待的背景下。
方法:我们回顾了过去20年在PubMed数据库中发表的与口交相关的耳鼻咽喉科病理学的医学文献。
结果:成人口交后继发的耳鼻咽喉科表现可能具有传染性,肿瘤或继发于创伤。文献中发现的更常见的体征和症状是人乳头瘤病毒感染(最重要的是,尖锐湿疣和乳头状瘤/尖锐湿疣),口腔或咽部梅毒,淋球菌性咽炎,单纯疱疹病毒感染和沙眼衣原体咽炎。人乳头瘤病毒诱导的口咽癌的发病率急剧增加。在新生儿期过后的儿童中,尖锐湿疣的存在,梅毒,淋病或腭瘀斑(最后一个,除非有其他原因)应该让我们怀疑性虐待。
结论:性习惯在过去的几十年里发生了变化,导致耳鼻喉科病理学的出现,这是以前很少见的。出于这个原因,对于初级保健医生来说,了解该主题以进行正确的诊断和后续治疗非常重要。根据对儿童继发的特征性口咽表现的知识,也可能怀疑一些儿童的性虐待案件。
BACKGROUND: Over the last few years, oral and pharyngeal signs and symptoms due to oral sex have increased significantly. However, no review articles related to this subject have been found in the medical literature. The objective of our study was to identify otorhinolaryngological manifestations associated with orogenital/oroanal contact, both in adults and children, in the context of consensual sex or sexual abuse.
METHODS: We performed a review of the medical literature on otorhinolaryngological pathology associated with oral sex published in the last 20 years in the PubMed database.
RESULTS: Otorhinolaryngological manifestations secondary to oral sex practice in adults can be infectious, tumoral or secondary to trauma. The more common signs and symptoms found in the literature were human papillomavirus infection (above all, condyloma acuminata and papilloma/condyloma), oral or pharyngeal syphilis, gonococcal pharyngitis, herpes simplex virus infection and pharyngitis from Chlamydia trachomatis. The incidence of human papillomavirus -induced oropharyngeal carcinoma has dramatically increased. In children past the neonatal period, the presence of condyloma acuminatus, syphilis, gonorrhoea or palatal ecchymosis (the last one, unless justified by other causes) should make us suspect sexual abuse.
CONCLUSIONS: Sexual habits have changed in the last decades, resulting in the appearance of otorhinolaryngological pathology that was rarely seen previously. For this reason, it is important for primary care physicians to have knowledge about the subject to perform correct diagnosis and posterior treatment. Some sexual abuse cases in children may also be suspected based on the knowledge of the characteristic oropharyngeal manifestations secondary to them.