可拉伸电子产品取得了显著进步,特别是在传感器和无线通信系统中,归因于它们与粗糙或不平坦表面一致接触的能力。然而,复杂的发展,多功能,和高精度可拉伸电子设备面临重大挑战,包括刚软界面的不稳定性以及与传统高精度图案化技术的不兼容性。金属化电纺纳米纤维作为一种有前途的导电填料,提供卓越的拉伸性,电导率,透明度,以及与现有图案化技术的兼容性。这里,这篇综述的重点是基本性质,制备过程,图案化技术,以及基于金属化纳米纤维的导电可拉伸复合材料的应用场景。最初,介绍了金属化电纺纳米纤维的制备工艺及其相对于替代材料的优势。然后重点介绍了图案化技术的最新进展,包括收集器收集,用掩模进行气相沉积,和光刻,强调它们在提高精度和集成度方面的作用。此外,该综述显示了金属化电纺纳米纤维通过在传感器中的使用在各个领域的广泛适用性和潜在影响,无线系统,半导体器件,和智能医疗解决方案。最终,这篇评论旨在激发进一步的创新,并解决可拉伸电子产品的普遍挑战,为这个充满活力的领域的未来突破铺平了道路。
Stretchable electronics have experienced remarkable progress, especially in sensors and wireless communication systems, attributed to their ability to conformably contact with rough or uneven surfaces. However, the development of complex, multifunctional, and high-precision stretchable electronics faces substantial challenges, including instability at rigid-soft interfaces and incompatibility with traditional high-precision patterning technologies. Metallized electrospun nanofibers emerge as a promising conductive filler, offering exceptional stretchability, electrical conductivity, transparency, and compatibility with existing patterning technologies. Here, this review focuses on the fundamental properties, preparation processes, patterning technologies, and application scenarios of conductive stretchable composites based on metallized nanofibers. Initially, it introduces the fabrication processes of metallized electrospun nanofibers and their advantages over alternative materials. It then highlights recent progress in patterning technologies, including collector collection, vapor deposition with masks, and lithography, emphasizing their role in enhancing precision and integration. Furthermore, the review shows the broad applicability and potential influence of metallized electrospun nanofibers in various fields through their use in sensors, wireless systems, semiconductor devices, and intelligent healthcare solutions. Ultimately, this review seeks to spark further innovation and address the prevailing challenges in stretchable electronics, paving the way for future breakthroughs in this dynamic field.