■在骨骼再生过程中,在初始炎症和再生/血管形成阶段都参与的巨噬细胞发挥了突出的作用,由于其M2抗炎表型。连同破骨细胞,如果炎症过程没有结束,它们参与骨基质的降解。在这个复杂的场景中,最近,纳米大小的囊泡介导的细胞外通讯受到了广泛的关注,具有高信息含量,称为外泌体(EV)。考虑到这些考虑,本工作的目的是演示脉冲电磁场(PEMF)的存在如何通过电动汽车积极影响通信。
■为此,用PEMF体外处理巨噬细胞和破骨细胞,并通过分子生物学分析和电子显微镜进行分析。此外,表征由巨噬细胞产生的EV并用于验证其对破骨细胞的活性。
■结果证实,PEMF不仅降低了巨噬细胞的炎症活性和破骨细胞的降解活性,而且降低了巨噬细胞产生的EVS,从PEMF处理中获得,通过降低破骨细胞的活性来积极影响破骨细胞。
■与单独治疗相比,PEMF与M2巨噬细胞衍生的EV(M2-EV)的共同治疗在更大程度上降低了破骨细胞生成。
UNASSIGNED: In the process of bone regeneration, a prominent role is played by macrophages involved in both the initial inflammation and the regeneration/vascularization phases, due to their M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype. Together with osteoclasts, they participate in the degradation of the bone matrix if the inflammatory process does not end. In this complex scenario, recently, much attention has been paid to extracellular communication mediated by nanometer-sized vesicles, with high information content, called exosomes (EVs). Considering these considerations, the purpose of the present work is to demonstrate how the presence of a pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) can positively affect communication through EVs.
UNASSIGNED: To this aim, macrophages and osteoclasts were treated in vitro with PEMF and analyzed through molecular biology analysis and by electron microscopy. Moreover, EVs produced by macrophages were characterized and used to verify their activity onto osteoclasts.
UNASSIGNED: The results confirmed that PEMF not only reduces the inflammatory activity of macrophages and the degradative activity of osteoclasts but that the EVS produced by macrophages, obtained from PEMF treatment, positively affect osteoclasts by reducing their activity.
UNASSIGNED: The co-treatment of PEMF with M2 macrophage-derived EVs (M2-EVs) decreased osteoclastogenesis to a greater degree than separate treatments.