洪水等极端天气事件,丛林大火,旋风,和干旱,预计澳大利亚东部将增加。了解这些事件如何影响组合,人类的可持续福祉,动物,和生态系统-即“一个健康”-将使跨学科的发展和最终更有效的干预措施成为可能。进行了范围审查,以使用OneHealth镜头探索与澳大利亚东部极端天气事件影响相关的研究,特别确定所研究的极端天气事件的类型,在一个健康的背景下进行的研究,和差距,以改善“一个健康”的实施情况。审查遵循JBI指南(基于PRISMA)。合格的研究经过同行评审,在英语中,自2007年以来发表,其中主要研究调查了澳大利亚东部极端天气事件对至少两个生态系统的影响,人类健康,动物健康。使用结构化搜索词,搜索了六个数据库。删除重复项之后,由两名审阅者筛选了870条记录。11条记录符合数据提取和图表的条件。研究的极端天气事件的范围相对有限,随着洪水和丛林大火环境的研究占主导地位,但对旋风的研究相对较少。主要的健康主题不仅包括极端天气事件对身体健康(人畜共患和媒介传播疾病)的影响,还包括在疏散行为和干旱中人畜纽带的背景下调查社会福祉和心理健康。研究差距包括对更广泛的极端天气事件和健康主题的研究,以及更全面的方法来纳入极端天气事件对OneHealth所有三个领域的影响。有限的研究重点不可避免地转化为有限的政策建议,规划和响应来管理极端天气事件的紧急情况。考虑到这些事件发生频率的预期增加,迫切需要进行更全面的初步研究,以更好地确定策略并促进“一个健康”促进的实施,以改善极端天气事件紧急情况的结果。
Extreme weather events such as floods, bushfires, cyclones, and drought, are projected to increase in eastern Australia. Understanding how these events influence the combined, sustainable well-being of humans, animals, and
ecosystems - that is One Health - will enable development of transdisciplinary and ultimately more effective interventions. A scoping review was conducted to explore the research associated with the effects of extreme weather events in eastern Australia using a One Health lens, specifically identifying the type of extreme weather events studied, the research conducted in the context of One Health, and gaps to inform improved One Health implementation. The review followed JBI guidelines (based on PRISMA). Eligible research was peer-reviewed, in English, and published since 2007, in which primary research studies investigated the impact of extreme weather events in eastern Australia on at least two of
ecosystems, human health, and animal health. Using structured search terms, six databases were searched. Following removal of duplicates, 870 records were screened by two reviewers. Eleven records were eligible for data extraction and charting. The scope of extreme weather events studied was relatively limited, with studies in flood and bushfire settings predominating, but relatively little research on cyclones. Major health themes included more than the impact of extreme weather events on physical health (zoonotic and vector-borne diseases) through investigation of social well-being and mental health in the context of the human-animal bond in evacuation behaviors and drought. Research gaps include studies across a broader range of extreme weather events and health topics, as well as a more comprehensive approach to including the impacts of extreme weather events on all three domains of One Health. The limited research focus inevitably translates to limited recommendations for policy, planning and response to manage extreme weather event emergencies. Given the expected increase in frequency of these events, there is a critical need for more comprehensive primary research to better identify strategies and facilitate implementation of One Health promotion for improved outcomes in extreme weather event emergencies.