达尔湖,这个举世闻名的旅游胜地已经受到外来和本地来源的污染,结果,水体中的重金属(HMs)浓度已达到有毒水平,危及人们的生命。在2021年(i)期间进行了一项研究,以确定HMs的浓度(钼:钼,砷:Ar,镉:Cd,铅:铅)在达尔湖的四个指定地点,(ii)一项公众调查(400人),涉及就康乐用途和其他利益对水体进行经济评估。DalLake内生物需氧量(BOD)和化学需氧量(COD)的最高值记录在站点A,分别为31±1.10mg/l和76±0.64。同样,在A位点发现了最大的硝酸盐氮(865±0.86μg/l)。从站点A报告了Pb的最高值(6.828±0.003ppb),而B位点最低(2.492±0.002ppb)。发现Mo浓度的平均值(以ppb计)在四个位点分别为2.538±0.002、1.703±0.003、3.627±0.004和4.787±0.002。HMs的观测值(以ppb为单位)远高于允许值(世卫组织,2006年)和之前报道的那些。从达尔湖的浮动花园中产生了巨额资金(16,18,66,000卢比/),通过TCM和CVM方法计算。在调查期间,68%的人表示愿意为恢复达尔湖和改善服务付费(WTP)(平均值:62,852.20卢比/)。因此,除了水质恶化的可能原因外,还进行了监测和评估,以了解达尔湖如何通过其不同的服务和对游客的主要吸引力为国家经济做出贡献。以便为达尔湖的可持续保护找到持久的解决方案。
Dal Lake, the world-famous tourist attraction has been polluted by allochthonous and autochthonous sources, as a result the heavy metal (HMs) concentrations within the water body has reached the toxic levels which is endangering the lives of the people. A study was carried out during the year 2021 (i) to determine the concentration of HMs (molybdenum: Mo, arsenic: Ar, cadmium: Cd, lead: Pb) at the four designated sites of Dal Lake, and (ii) a public survey (400 persons) involving economic valuation of water body in terms of recreational use and other benefits. The highest values of biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) within the Dal Lake were recorded at site A, which were 31 ± 1.10 mg/l and 76 ± 0.64, respectively. Similarly, maximum nitrate nitrogen was found at site A (865 ± 0.86 μg/l). The highest value of Pb was reported (6.828 ± 0.003 ppb) from site A whereas, the lowest from site B (2.492 ± 0.002 ppb). The mean values of Mo concentrations (in ppb) were found to be 2.538 ± 0.002, 1.703 ± 0.003, 3.627 ± 0.004 and 4.787 ± 0.002 at the four sites respectively. The observed values of HMs (in ppb) were much higher than the permissible values (WHO, 2006) and those reported earlier. A huge amount of money (Rs 16,18,66,000/) is being generated from the floating gardens of Dal Lake, calculated by TCM and CVM methods. During the survey, 68 % of people showed a willingness to pay (WTP) for the restoration of the Dal Lake and improved services (mean value: Rs 62,852.20/). Thus, the monitoring and assessment were done to find out how the Dal Lake contributes to the economy of the state by way of its different services and the major attraction for tourists besides the possible reasons for the deterioration of water quality, in order to find a long-lasting solution for the sustainable conservation of Dal Lake.