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UNASSIGNED: The pulmonary effects of e-cigarette use (or vaping) became a healthcare concern in 2019, following the rapid increase of e-cigarette-related or vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI) in young people, which resulted in the critical care admission of thousands of teenagers and young adults. Pulmonary functional imaging is well-positioned to provide information about the acute and chronic effects of vaping. We generated a systematic review to retrieve relevant imaging studies that describe the acute and chronic imaging findings that underly vaping-related lung structure-function abnormalities.
UNASSIGNED: A systematic review was undertaken on June 13th, 2023 using PubMed to search for published manuscripts using the following criteria: [(\"Vaping\" OR \"e-cigarette\" OR \"EVALI\") AND (\"MRI\" OR \"CT\" OR \"Imaging\")]. We included only studies involving human participants, vaping/e-cigarette use, and MRI, CT and/or PET.
UNASSIGNED: The search identified 445 manuscripts, of which 110 (668 unique participants) specifically mentioned MRI, PET or CT imaging in cases or retrospective case series of patients who vaped. This included 105 manuscripts specific to CT (626 participants), three manuscripts which mainly used MRI (23 participants), and two manuscripts which described PET findings (20 participants). Most studies were conducted in North America (n = 90), with the remaining studies conducted in Europe (n = 15), Asia (n = 4) and South America (n = 1). The vast majority of publications described case studies (n = 93) and a few described larger retrospective or prospective studies (n = 17). In e-cigarette users and patients with EVALI, key CT findings included ground-glass opacities, consolidations and subpleural sparing, MRI revealed abnormal ventilation, perfusion and ventilation/perfusion matching, while PET showed evidence of pulmonary inflammation.
UNASSIGNED: Pulmonary structural and functional imaging abnormalities were common in patients with EVALI and in e-cigarette users with or without respiratory symptoms, which suggests that functional MRI may be helpful in the investigation of the pulmonary health effects associated with e-cigarette use.

Vaping, i.e. the use of electronic nicotine/other substances delivery systems, increases a risk of vaping-associated lung injury. The review describes clinical manifestation, methods of diagnosis and diagnostic criteria, treatment of patients with this disease as well as risk stratification of vapers and approaches to their management based on Worchester classification and clinical guidance. The pathogenetic mechanisms of vaping-associated lung injury have been analyzed.
Вейпинг, т.е. использование электронных средств доставки табака и/или других веществ для курения, повышает риск развития вейп-ассоциированного поражения легких. В обзоре приведены данные о клинических проявлениях, методах и критериях диагностики, лечения пациентов с данным заболеванием, а также стратификация риска вейперов и тактика их ведения на основании Ворчестерской классификации.

BACKGROUND: Recent work in the UK estimated the prevalence of current cannabinoid-based vaping to be higher than in the USA, a factor previously associated with e-cigarette or vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI). Research in the USA has demonstrated that attendances to emergency departments relating to e-cigarettes began to rise before the EVALI outbreak, suggesting that vapers also experience milder forms of vaping-related illness.
OBJECTIVE: Quantify symptom prevalence and healthcare utilization amongst current UK vapers.
METHODS: Voluntary online survey of individuals aged 16 and over within the UK.
METHODS: Anonymized data were collected on demographics, vaping/smoking status and vaping substances used. Current vapers were asked about the presence of 10 prevalent symptoms from previous US EVALI case series, healthcare attendances and diagnoses given. Risk-ratios were calculated to compare the likelihood of symptoms and attendances between substances.
RESULTS: A total of 2477 complete responses were analysed. In all, 397 respondents were current vapers. Symptom prevalence within the previous 12 months ranged from 3.8% to 30.5% (bloody sputum, cough). Healthcare attendances per symptomatic respondent ranged from 0.1 to 1.4 (bloody sputum, shortness of breath). Current vapers of cannabinoid-based products (alone/in combination) had the most attendances per symptomatic respondent for 9/10 symptoms and were more likely to report symptoms aside from \'cough\' (nicotine-free e-liquids [risk ratio = 1.7]). Clinicians reportedly never diagnosed vaping-related illness.
CONCLUSIONS: UK vapers experience symptoms previously reported in EVALI cases for which they also seek healthcare. Users of cannabinoid-based products were more likely to report symptoms and accounted for a higher healthcare burden. UK vapers may also experience vaping-related illness that does not meet EVALI case criteria.

The potential adverse effects of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use or vaping on pulmonary function have been previously well documented, with the diagnosis of e-cigarette- or vaping-use-associated lung injury (EVALI) has become increasingly common. The potential effects in terms of cardiovascular function and vaping is an area that is less well understood. We present a case of acute respiratory distress and newly onset reduced systolic function in a previously healthy young male.

Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette), or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) was first identified and reported in 2019, but media coverage and reporting of cases drastically decreased when the COVID-19 pandemic started in early 2020. The syndrome has continued to occur since that time and it is critical that pharmacists are aware of how EVALI presents, and when it should be considered as a potential diagnosis. Inpatient and outpatient pharmacists play a vital role in the treatment of EVALI, and should be knowledgeable of the utility of corticosteroids, even though data are extremely limited. Pharmacists should understand the importance of collecting detailed and accurate information about vaping from patient interviews. Pharmacists also play a leading role in cessation counseling and treatment, selecting medications that can be used to treat nicotine addiction from vaping, and assisting with transitions of care and follow-up.

Inhaling aerosolized nicotine and cannabis (colloquially called \"vaping\") is prevalent among young adults. Instagram influencers often promote both nicotine and cannabis vaporizer products. However, Instagram posts discouraging the use of both products received national media attention during the 2019 outbreak of e-cigarette or vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI).
This experiment tested the impact of viewing Instagram posts about EVALI, varying in image and text valence, on young adults\' perceived harmfulness of nicotine and cannabis products, perceived risk of nicotine and cannabis vaporizer use, and intentions to use nicotine and cannabis vaporizers in the future.
Participants (N=1229) aged 18-25 (mean 21.40, SD 2.22) years were recruited through Qualtrics Research Services, oversampling for ever-use of nicotine or cannabis vaporizers (618/1229, 50.3%). Participants were randomly assigned to view Instagram posts from young people portraying their experiences of EVALI in a 2 (image valence: positive or negative) × 2 (text valence: positive or negative) between-subjects experiment. Positive images were attractive and aesthetically pleasing selfies. The positive text was supportive and uplifting regarding quitting the use of vaporized products. Negative images and text were graphic and fear inducing. After viewing 3 posts, participants reported the perceived harmfulness of nicotine and cannabis products, the perceived risk of nicotine and cannabis vaporizer use, and intentions to use nicotine and cannabis vaporizers in the future. Ordinal logistic regression models assessed the main effects and interactions of image and text valence on perceived harmfulness and risk. Binary logistic regression models assessed the main effects and interactions of image and text valence on intentions to use nicotine and cannabis vaporizers. Analyses were adjusted for product use history.
Compared to viewing positive images, viewing negative images resulted in significantly greater perceived harm of nicotine (P=.02 for disposable pod-based vaporizers and P=.04 for other e-cigarette \"mods\" devices) and cannabis vaporized products (P=.01), greater perceived risk of nicotine vaporizers (P<.01), and lower odds of intentions to use nicotine (P=.02) but not cannabis (P=.43) vaporizers in the future. There were no significant main effects of text valence on perceived harm, perceived risk, and intentions to use nicotine and cannabis vaporized products. No significant interaction effects of image and text valence were found.
Negative imagery in Instagram posts about EVALI may convey the risks of vaporized product use and discourage young adults from this behavior, regardless of the valence of the post\'s text. Public health messaging regarding EVALI on Instagram should emphasize the risk of cannabis vaporizer use, as young adults may otherwise believe that only nicotine vaporizer use increases their risk for EVALI.