近年来,随着石油井筒数字化和智能化的提高,因此,在距离方面对无线通信技术的要求越来越严格,准确度,和便携性。因此,有必要依靠更先进、更高效的无线通信技术来满足行业的需求。然而,传统的通信技术,如电缆和光纤,在建筑上存在固有的缺点,数据解释,和成本。ELF电磁波具有远距离通信和较强的穿透能力,是复杂井筒条件下通信的理想解决方案,使它成为一个非常有效的选择。基于网络分裂理论,本文建立了分层介质中ELF电磁波通过套管传播的多边形多延迟不确定性耦合复杂网络模型,并设计了控制器,包括不同方向的磁场和电场强度的表达式,以及在不同媒介中的传播和分布特征。我们确定一般条件下ELF电磁波的最佳发射频率为12.7Hz。根据现场实验,我们验证了ELF电磁波可以在没有继电器的情况下在1500m内实现无线井筒通信。我们还分析了高温和高压环境下套管螺纹变形对ELF电磁波传播的影响。我们使用模拟实验来解决螺线管穿过套管和地层的电场和磁场之间的分布关系,以及发射和接收螺线管之间的耦合系数,并探讨不同的发射频率对信号传播效率的影响。理论和实验都验证了模型的正确性,并且还证明了使用ELF电磁波实现无线井筒通信的可靠性和连续性,为后续工程应用提供了理论依据和可行性。
Over recent years, as digitalization and intelligence in oil wellbore have increased, so have the stricter requirements for wireless communication technology in terms of distance, accuracy, and portability. As a result, it\'s necessary to rely on more advanced and efficient wireless communication technologies to meet the industry\'s needs. However, traditional communication technologies such as cables and optical fibers have inherent shortcomings in construction, data interpretation, and cost.
ELF electromagnetic waves are an ideal solution for communication in complex wellbore conditions due to long-distance communication and strong penetration capabilities, making it a highly effective option. Based on the theory of network splitting, this paper establishes a polygonal multiple-delays uncertainty coupled complex network model of
ELF electromagnetic waves propagating through the casing in layered media and designs a controller, including expressions for the intensity of the magnetic and electric fields in different directions, and the propagation and distribution characteristics in different media. We determined that the optimal transmitting frequency of
ELF electromagnetic waves under general conditions is 12.7 Hz. Based on field experiments, we verified that ELF electromagnetic waves can enable wireless wellbore communication within 1500 m without relays. We also analyzed the impact of casing thread deformation on
ELF electromagnetic wave propagation due to high-temperature and high-pressure environments. We used simulation experiments to solve the distribution relationship between the electric and magnetic fields of the solenoids through casing and strata, as well as the coupling coefficients between the transmitting and receiving solenoids, and explore how different transmitting frequencies affect the efficiency of signal propagation. Both theories and experiments have verified the correctness of the model, and have also demonstrated the reliability and continuity of using
ELF electromagnetic waves to achieve wireless wellbore communication, which provides a theoretical basis and feasibility for subsequent engineering applications.