有证据表明,父母的识字能力有助于预测其后代的语言和阅读技能,从而证明了语言/阅读技能的代际传递。根据“代际多重赤字模型”,“父母双方的识字能力被视为后代对识字困难的责任的指标,因为父母为后代提供遗传和环境禀赋。最近,针对音乐特质遗传力的研究得出了类似的结论。音乐能力,Pleiotropy,语言,和环境(MAPLE)“框架提出,语言/阅读和音乐特征具有共同的遗传结构,这种共享的成分对音乐和语言特征基础基础技能的可遗传神经基础有影响。这里,我们调查了父母音乐和语言相关(阅读)能力的代际传递对其后代对基本听觉刺激(神经中间表型)的神经反应和后来的语音意识技能,在这种复杂的关联模式中,包括家庭环境的中介作用。一百七十六个家庭参与了这项研究。通过自我报告问卷,我们评估了父母的阅读能力和音乐性,以及家庭素养和音乐环境。后代参与了一项纵向研究:通过快速听觉处理电生理范式在6个月大时测量听觉处理,在5岁时对语音意识进行了行为评估。结果表明,父母的阅读能力与音乐特征之间存在显着相关性。使用结构方程模型通过中介分析研究了代际关联。对于阅读特征,结果显示,父系阅读通过6个月时的电生理不匹配反应与儿童的语音意识技能间接相关,而母亲的阅读与儿童的语音意识直接相关。对于音乐特质,我们再次发现父系的音乐性,而不是母亲的特征,与儿童的语音表型有关:在这种情况下,这种关联是由音乐环境介导的。这些结果提供了有关将父母阅读和音乐特征联系起来的代际途径的一些见解,婴儿听觉处理和后期语音意识技能的神经基础。除了阐明可能的代际传播机制之外,这项研究可能为基于环境丰富的早期干预开辟新的视角。
The intergenerational transmission of language/reading skills has been demonstrated by evidence reporting that parental literacy abilities contribute to the prediction of their offspring\'s language and reading skills. According to the \"Intergenerational Multiple Deficit Model,\" literacy abilities of both parents are viewed as indicators of offspring\'s liability for literacy difficulties, since parents provide offspring with genetic and environmental endowment. Recently, studies focusing on the heritability of musical traits reached similar conclusions. The \"Musical Abilities, Pleiotropy, Language, and Environment (MAPLE)\" framework proposed that language/reading and musical traits share a common genetic architecture, and such shared components have an influence on the heritable neural underpinnings of basic-level skills underlying musical and language traits. Here, we investigate the intergenerational transmission of parental musical and language-related (reading) abilities on their offspring\'s neural response to a basic auditory stimulation (neural intermediate phenotype) and later phonological awareness skills, including in this complex association pattern the mediating effect of home environment. One-hundred and seventy-six families were involved in this study. Through self-report questionnaires we assessed parental reading abilities and musicality, as well as home literacy and musical environment. Offspring were involved in a longitudinal study: auditory processing was measured at 6 months of age by means of a Rapid Auditory Processing electrophysiological paradigm, and phonological awareness was assessed behaviorally at 5 years of age. Results reveal significant correlations between parents\' reading skills and musical traits. Intergenerational associations were investigated through mediation analyses using structural equation modeling. For reading traits, the results revealed that paternal reading was indirectly associated with children\'s phonological awareness skills via their electrophysiological MisMatch Response at 6 months, while maternal reading was directly associated with children\'s phonological awareness. For musical traits, we found again that paternal musicality, rather than maternal characteristics, was associated with children\'s phonological phenotypes: in this case, the association was mediated by musical environment. These results provide some insight about the intergenerational pathways linking parental reading and musical traits, neural underpinnings of infants\' auditory processing and later phonological awareness skills. Besides shedding light on possible intergenerational transmission mechanisms, this study may open up new perspectives for early intervention based on environmental enrichment.