最近,脑部疾病的发病率,如中枢神经系统退行性疾病,脑肿瘤,和脑血管疾病,增加了。然而,血脑屏障(BBB)限制了药物向脑部疾病区域的有效递送。因此,针对这些疾病的新药开发的主流方向是设计能够更好地穿过BBB的药物以在大脑中发挥其作用。本文综述了主要的反式BBB给药策略(受体/转运体介导的BBB穿越,聚焦超声打开血脑屏障,腺苷激动剂可逆开放的BBB,芳香复苏,经鼻给药,细胞介导的跨BBB穿越,和病毒载体系统介导的脑药物递送)。同时,潜在的应用,优势,并分析了这些杂交BBB策略的缺点。最后,还讨论了BBB穿越策略的未来发展前景。这些策略对于治疗脑疾病具有潜在价值。
Recently, the incidence of brain diseases, such as central nervous system degenerative diseases, brain tumors, and cerebrovascular diseases, has increased. However, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits the effective delivery of drugs to brain disease areas. Therefore, the mainstream direction of new drug development for these diseases is to engineer drugs that can better cross the BBB to exert their effects in the brain. This paper reviews the research progress and application of the main trans-BBB drug delivery strategies (receptor/transporter-mediated BBB crossing, focused ultrasound to open the BBB, adenosine agonist reversible opening of the BBB, aromatic resuscitation, transnasal administration, cell-mediated trans-BBB crossing, and viral vector system-mediated brain drug delivery). Meanwhile, the potential applications, advantages, and disadvantages of these strategies for crossing the BBB are analyzed. Finally, the future development prospects of strategies for crossing the BBB are also discussed. These strategies have potential value for treating brain diseases.