目标:高达43%的精神分裂症患者患有终生使用大麻障碍(CUD)。四氢大麻酚(THC)已被证明以剂量依赖性方式加剧精神病,但很少有研究评估其对精神分裂症和合并CUD(SCZ-CUD)的影响。在这个双重假人中,安慰剂对照试验(总n=130),我们假设适度剂量的THC会使认知功能恶化,但不会使精神病恶化.
方法:单剂量口服THC(15mg屈大麻酚)或吸烟3.5%THC香烟与安慰剂在SCZ-CUD或仅CUD中对精神分裂症的阳性和阴性症状的影响(仅适用于SCZ-CUD),认知,和用药后几个小时评估的药物经验。还评估了仅SCZ和健康对照参与者。
结果:与安慰剂组相比,THC组的药物偏好更高。吸烟THC或口服屈大麻酚均未预测2小时和5小时的阳性或阴性症状子量表评分,分别,SCZ-CUD参与者的药物暴露后。口服屈大麻酚SCZ-CUD组,但不吸烟THCSCZ-CUD组,在言语学习(B=-9.89;95%CI:-16.06,-3.18;P=.004)和注意力(B=-0.61;95%CI:-1.00,-0.23;P=.002)方面的表现比安慰剂差。血清THC+THCCng/ml每增加10分与阴性症状增加相关(0.40分;95%CI:0.15,0.65;P=.001;子量表范围7-49),并且观察到口头学习中阳性症状和表现较差的趋势,延迟召回,和工作记忆。
结论:在SCZ-CUD患者中,适度单剂量口服四氢大麻酚与认知功能恶化相关,给药后数小时无症状恶化,对于阴性症状,观察到THC剂量反应效应。
OBJECTIVE: Up to 43% of people with schizophrenia have a lifetime cannabis use disorder (CUD). Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) has been shown to exacerbate psychosis in a dose-dependent manner, but little research has assessed its effects on schizophrenia and co-occurring CUD (SCZ-CUD). In this double-dummy, placebo-controlled trial (total n = 130), we hypothesized that a modest dose of THC would worsen cognitive function but not psychosis.
METHODS: Effects of single-dose oral THC (15 mg
dronabinol) or smoked 3.5% THC cigarettes vs placebo in SCZ-CUD or CUD-only on positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia (only for SCZ-CUD), cognition, and drug experiences assessed several hours after drug administration. SCZ-only and healthy control participants were also assessed.
RESULTS: Drug liking was higher in THC groups vs placebo. Neither smoked THC nor oral
dronabinol predicted positive or negative symptom subscale scores 2 and 5 h, respectively, after drug exposure in SCZ-CUD participants. The oral
dronabinol SCZ-CUD group, but not smoked THC SCZ-CUD group, performed worse than placebo on verbal learning (B = -9.89; 95% CI: -16.06, -3.18; P = .004) and attention (B = -0.61; 95% CI: -1.00, -0.23; P = .002). Every 10-point increment in serum THC + THCC ng/ml was associated with increased negative symptoms (0.40 points; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.65; P = .001; subscale ranges 7-49) and trends were observed for worse positive symptoms and performance in verbal learning, delayed recall, and working memory.
CONCLUSIONS: In people with SCZ-CUD, a modest single dose of oral THC was associated with worse cognitive functioning without symptom exacerbation several hours after administration, and a THC dose-response effect was seen for negative symptoms.