抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)代表了存在健康风险的新兴环境污染物。饮用水供应系统(DWSS),包括自来水的来源,在ARGs的传播和传播中起着至关重要的作用。然而,关于相对丰度的知识很少,多样性,移动性,以及从源头到水龙头的DWSS中ARGs的致病宿主。因此,处理和分布对来自三个地理区域(黄色下游地区,长江,和珠江)在本研究中得到了阐明。处理工艺降低了微生物群落网络的复杂性,而运输增加了它。微生物群落和抗生素抗性组的组装机制主要由随机过程驱动。分布大大增加了随机过程的贡献。多药ARGs(例如,多药转运蛋白和adeJ)和杆菌肽ARG(bacA)是饮用水中的主要移动ARG,由宏基因组组装确定。木氧嗜酸性杆菌,钙乙酸不动杆菌,和Junii不动杆菌具有多种多药ARG和移动遗传元件(MGEs)(重组酶,整合酶,和转座酶)作为潜在的病原体,并且在消毒水中含量丰富。环境因素,包括pH值,氯,纬度,经度,和温度,通过直接调节MGE和微生物群落多样性来影响ARG丰度。这项研究提供了关于命运的关键信息,移动性,宿主致病性,饮用水中ARGs的驱动因素,这有利于ARG风险评估和管理,为消费者提供优质的饮用水。
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) represent emerging environmental pollutants that present health risks. Drinking water supply systems (DWSSs), including sources to tap water, play crucial roles in the dissemination and propagation of ARGs. However, there was a paucity of knowledge on the relative abundance, diversity, mobility, and pathogenic hosts of ARGs in DWSSs from source to tap. Therefore, the effects of treatments and distributions on the microbial community and ARGs from three geographical regions (downstream areas of the Yellow, Yangtze, and Pearl Rivers) were elucidated in the present study. Treatment processes lowered the complexity of the microbial community network, whereas transportation increased it. The assembly mechanisms of the microbial community and antibiotic resistome were primarily driven by stochastic processes. Distribution greatly increased the contribution of stochastic processes. Multidrug ARGs (for example, multidrug transporter and adeJ) and bacitracin ARG (bacA) were the primary mobile ARGs in drinking water, as identified by the metagenomic assembly. Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and Acinetobacter junii harbored diverse multidrug ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) (recombinases, integrases, and transposases) as potential pathogens and were abundant in the disinfected water. Environmental factors, including pH, chlorine, latitude, longitude, and temperature, influenced the ARG abundance by directly regulating the MGEs and microbial community diversity. This study provides critical information on the fate, mobility, host pathogenicity, and driving factors of ARGs in drinking water, which is conducive to ARG risk assessment and management to provide high-quality drinking water to consumers.