背景:类圆圆线虫是一种土壤传播的肠线虫,具有复杂的生命周期,主要影响人类,非人灵长类动物,狗,偶尔还有猫。这项研究提出,据我们所知,第一例来自阿根廷的家犬中的S.stercoralis感染及其基因分型。
方法:患者是一只雌性有线毛Teckel犬,表现出反复咳嗽。使用Baermann技术进行的寄生虫学分析显示,在形态上与S.stercoralis相容的横纹肌状幼虫的存在。为了证实这一发现,进行分子诊断(18S核糖体RNA)和cox1基因分析。
结果:我们确定了一种单倍型(HP20),该单倍型以前仅与狗的胸骨链球菌感染有关,但在本研究中发现与人畜共患变异体的单倍型(HP16)高度相关,并且与先前在阿根廷的人类患者中描述的不同。此外,与伊维菌素治疗后的人类病例不同,根据取样粪便的聚合酶链反应,在莫昔克丁治疗后,狗呈阴性。
结论:本病例报告显示了进一步调查在南美犬和人中可能发生的传播事件和流行情况的重要性。本文报告的结果也应鼓励未来的工作,以研究犬和人的不同情况下,以整合临床管理为目的。诊断,治疗和后续策略,以寻求在动物和人类中治疗这种疾病的新方法。研究结果支持采用“一个健康”方法,它承认动物和人类健康之间的相互联系,在解决寄生虫感染,如圆线虫病。
BACKGROUND: Strongyloides stercoralis is a soil-transmitted intestinal nematode with a complex life cycle that primarily affects humans, non-human primates, dogs, and occasionally cats. This study presents, to the best of our knowledge, the first case of S. stercoralis infection and its genotyping in a domestic dog from Argentina.
METHODS: The patient was a female wired-haired Teckel dog exhibiting recurrent coughing. Coproparasitological analysis using the Baermann technique revealed the presence of rhabditiform larvae morphologically compatible with S. stercoralis. To confirm this finding, molecular diagnosis (18S ribosomal RNA) and analysis of the cox1 gene were performed.
RESULTS: We identified a haplotype (HP20) that has previously only been related to S. stercoralis infection in dogs, but was found in the present study to be highly related to the haplotype (HP16) of a zoonotic variant and divergent from those previously described from human patients in Argentina. Furthermore, unlike in human cases following treatment with ivermectin, the dog was negative after moxidectin treatment according to polymerase chain reaction of the sampled faeces.
CONCLUSIONS: This case report shows the importance of further investigation into potential transmission events and prevalences of S. stercoralis in dogs and humans in South America. The results reported here should also encourage future work that examines different scenarios of infection with S. stercoralis in dogs and humans with the aim of integrating clinical management, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up strategies in the quest for new approaches for the treatment of this disease in animals and humans. The findings support the adoption of a One Health approach, which recognizes the interconnectedness between animal and human health, in addressing parasitic infections such as strongyloidiasis.