Doctor-patient communication

医患沟通
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    探讨医患沟通对患者信任的影响机制,特别是患者-医生一致性的中介作用和感知疾病威胁的调节作用。
    广州共有699名患者,对中国进行了问卷调查。主要影响,中介效应,用SPSS23.0和LISREL8.71统计软件验证模型的调节作用。
    研究表明,医患沟通对患者的信任有显著的积极影响。患者与医生之间的一致性在一定程度上调节了医患沟通与患者信任之间的关系。此外,感知到的疾病威胁调节了心理过程,医患沟通通过这种心理过程影响了患者的信任。
    医患沟通和医患一致性对患者的信任都有预测作用。医患沟通不仅是对患者信任的直接影响,而且是由医患一致性介导的间接影响。感知到的疾病威胁调节了心理过程,医患沟通通过这种心理过程影响了患者的信任。具体来说,与高水平的疾病威胁相比,低水平的感知疾病威胁可以增强医患沟通对患者信任的影响。这项研究的结果强调了医患沟通的重要性以及医患一致性对建立患者信任的价值。培养和谐的医患关系,医学院校应重视培养医学生的沟通能力。医院应加强在职培训,为医生提供制度支持,鼓励医生和患者之间就疾病诊断和决策达成协议,并注意患者感知到的疾病威胁,特别是对于那些具有高水平的感知疾病威胁的人。
    UNASSIGNED: To investigate the influence mechanism of doctor-patient communication on patients\' trust, especially the mediating role of patient-physician consistency and the moderating role of perceived threat of disease.
    UNASSIGNED: A total of 699 patients in Guangzhou, China was investigated by questionnaire. The main effect, mediating effect, and moderating effect of the model was verified by SPSS23.0 and LISREL8.71 statistical software.
    UNASSIGNED: It was revealed that doctor-patient communication has a significant positive effect on patients\' trust. The consistency between patient and physician partially mediates the relationship between doctor-patient communication and patients\' trust. Additionally, the perceived threat of the disease moderates the psychological process through which doctor-patient communication affects patients\' trust.
    UNASSIGNED: Both doctor-patient communication and patient-physician consistency have predictive effects on patients\' trust. Doctor-patient communication is not only a direct influence on patient trust but also an indirect influence mediated by patient-physician consistency. Perceived threat of disease moderates the psychological process through which doctor-patient communication affects patients\' trust. Specifically, compared to a high level of perceived threat of disease, a low level of perceived threat of disease can enhance the effect of doctor-patient communication on patients\' trust. The results of this study underscore the importance of doctor-patient communication and the value of patient-physician consistency for building patients\' trust. To foster a harmonious doctor-patient relationship, medical colleges should place great emphasis on cultivating medical students\' communication skills. Hospitals should enhance on-the-job training and provide institutional support for doctors, encourage agreements between doctors and patients regarding disease diagnosis and decision-making, and be attentive to patients\' perceived threat of disease, particularly for those with high level of perceived threat of disease.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    在视频咨询(VC)中探索全科医生与患者的人际交往可能面临的挑战,并了解他们如何改变他们的沟通策略,以在感官条件改变的环境中开展医疗工作。
    这项研究包括来自哥本哈根地区的6名全科医生,具有不同水平的VC经验。数据包括对全科医生的6次采访,2021-2022年举行。半结构化访谈包括在每个GP和患者之间播放记录的VC,灵感来自视频刺激的面试技术。使用解释现象学分析(IPA)对访谈进行转录和分析。
    全科医生在VC中经历了患者感觉的改变,担心错过一些重要的东西,包括评估病人。一般来说,全科医生认为人际交往足以达到目的。全科医生通过询问更多问题来补偿视频中感官条件的改变,重复他们的建议,和元通信。他们在风险投资中使用的视觉和听觉相对较多。赔偿也采取分诊的形式,因此,有关敏感话题或与新患者的咨询不会选择在视频中进行。
    通过补偿风投中感官条件的改变,全科医生可以很好地开展医疗工作,并保持最佳的人际交往。我们的发现有助于建立在VC中保持全科医生与患者之间良好的人际交往的方法。
    视频咨询(VC)意味着新的机遇,但似乎对卫生专业人员和患者之间的沟通构成挑战。改变的感觉输入会影响医患之间的人际交往,并挑战沉默知识的使用。一些全科医生担心他们无法完全评估VC中的患者。全科医生口头和非口头补偿,并进行分诊,以保持良好的人际交往。
    UNASSIGNED: To explore possible challenges to General Practitioners\' (GPs\') interpersonal contact with patients in video consultations (VCs), and learn how they change their communication strategies to carry out medical work in a setting with altered sensory conditions.
    UNASSIGNED: The study included 6 GPs from the Copenhagen area, with different levels of experience of VC. The data consist of 6 interviews with GPs, held in 2021-2022. The semi-structured interviews included playback of a recorded VC between each GP and a patient, inspired by the Video-Stimulated Interview technique. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).
    UNASSIGNED: GPs experienced alterations in the sensation of their patients in VCs, and worried about missing something important, including assessing the patient. Generally, GPs felt that interpersonal contact was good enough for the purpose. GPs compensated for altered sensory conditions on video by asking more questions, repeating their advice, and meta-communicating. They used their senses of sight and hearing relatively more in VCs. Compensation also took the form of triage, so that consultations on sensitive topics or with new patients were not selected to take place on video.
    UNASSIGNED: By compensating for altered sensory conditions in VCs, GPs can carry out their medical work sufficiently well and sustain the best possible interpersonal contact. Our findings are useful for establishing ways to maintain good interpersonal contact between GPs and patients in VCs.
    Video consultation (VC) implies new opportunities but appears to pose challenges in the communication between health professionals and patients.Altered sensory input affects interpersonal contact between doctors and patients and challenges the use of silent knowledge.Some GPs are concerned that they are unable to fully assess patients in VCs.GPs compensate verbally and non-verbally, and perform triage to keep interpersonal contact good enough for the purpose.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    尽管不孕症治疗的医学进展不断,性在这段旅程中的重大影响往往得不到解决。本研究旨在检查ART访问期间的性对话,包括谁发起对话和他们的内容。这项定性定量研究深入研究了经过分析的视频录制的ART访问,以探索在医疗保健互动过程中如何进行“性”对话。我们的研究结果表明,与性有关的话语比例非常低,仅占分析的14372条话语总数的1.3%。性话语主要由医生介绍(72%),至于这对夫妇介绍的,64%是男性报告的。从对话语的定性分析中,出现了关于性的三个不同层次的交流:明确,几乎明确,和隐含的。虽然医生和男性在三个级别上表现出几乎平衡的分布,女性患者主要对医生发起的明确和几乎明确的沟通做出反应。性话语的比例较低,突显了在ART互动过程中这些对话的稀有性,尽管在临床领域,性健康应该得到至关重要的关注。打开关于性的对话的大门可能有助于为患者创造一个安全和支持的空间来谈论性,在ART过程中对福祉和护理质量有潜在影响。
    Despite ongoing medical advancements in infertility treatment, the significant impact of sexuality on this journey often goes unaddressed. The present research aims to examine sexual conversations during ART visits, including who initiate the conversation and their content.This quali-quantitative study delves into analyzed video-recorded ART visits to explore how \"sex\" conversations are broached during healthcare interactions. Our findings reveal a strikingly low proportion of utterances related to sexuality, accounting for only 1.3% of the total 14,372 utterances analyzed. Sex utterances were mainly introduced by physicians (72%), while regarding those introduced by the couple, 64% were reported by men. From the qualitative analysis on the utterances emerged three distinct levels of communication about sex: explicit, almost explicit, and implicit. While physicians and males exhibit an almost balanced distribution across the 3 levels, female patients primarily respond to explicit and almost explicit communication initiated by physicians. The low percentage of sexual utterances underscores the rarity of these conversations during ART interactions, despite the clinical field where sexual health should deserve a crucial attention. Opening the door to conversations about sexuality could help to create a safe and supportive space for patients to talk about sex, with a potential impact on well-being and quality of care during the ART process.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:有效地与具有传统,替代或补充医学相关的健康信念模式在当今的跨文化社会中具有挑战性。这篇叙述性综述探讨了中西医结合护理的设置,专注于综合肿瘤学日常实践的见解,同时解决与心理健康环境的相关性。医疗保健提供者可以加强与患者和非正式护理人员的文化敏感沟通的方式;承认和尊重健康信念,以弥合文化差距;并产生一个开放的,讨论了非判断性和有意识的对话。
    结果:确定医疗保健提供者与患者沟通的跨文化障碍对于解决传统健康信念和“替代性”健康信念之间的潜在冲突非常重要;创建共同决策过程的困难;对治疗目标和治疗计划的分歧;最后,不遵守或不坚持常规肿瘤治疗的可能性。在医学教育的所有阶段都需要获得跨文化能力,并应在医学和护理课程中实施,以及在专业化和亚专业化期间。与以患者为中心的护理模式一样,综合医学需要以患者为中心和敏感文化的双重方法,基于全面的生物-心理-社会-精神护理模式。
    OBJECTIVE: Communicating effectively with patients having a traditional, alternative or complementary medicine-related health-belief model is challenging in today\'s cross-cultural society. This narrative review explores the integrative medicine setting of care, focusing on insights from the integrative oncology daily practice, while addressing the relevance to the mental health setting. The way in which healthcare providers can enhance cultural-sensitive communication with patients and informal caregivers; recognize and respect health-beliefs to bridge cultural gaps; and generate an open, non-judgmental and mindful dialogue are discussed.
    RESULTS: Identifying cross-cultural barriers to healthcare provider-patient communication is important in order to address the potential for conflict between conventional and \"alternative\" health beliefs; difficulties in creating a shared-decision making process; disagreement on therapeutic goals and treatment plan; and finally, the potential for non-compliance or non-adherence to the conventional oncology treatment. Acquiring intercultural competencies is needed at all stages of medical education, and should be implemented in medical and nursing curricula, as well as during specialization and sub-specialization. As with patient-centered paradigms of care, integrative medicine entails a dual patient-centered and sensitive-cultural approach, based on a comprehensive bio-psycho-social-spiritual model of care.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:不同类型的移动应用程序用于促进患者和医生之间的交流。研究调查了患者的移动应用程序采用行为;然而,他们对医生的个人偏好提供了有限的见解,这些偏好在各种移动应用程序的选择中。
    目的:本研究旨在调查中国医生的细微差别收养行为,在医疗保健中大力采用移动应用程序,并探索影响他们选择特定移动应用程序的制约因素。本文解决了3个研究问题:(1)哪些医生选择采用移动应用程序与患者交流?(2)他们选择了哪些类型的移动应用程序?(3)他们在采用特定移动应用程序时在多大程度上行使个人选择?
    方法:我们对杭州11名医生的半结构化访谈收集的定性数据进行了主题内容分析,因其在社会服务中先进采用移动技术而受到认可,包括医疗保健服务。参与者的选择是有目的的,包括不同的部门和医院。
    结果:总计,从数据剖析中涌现了5个主题。首先,受访者有多种选择通过移动应用程序与患者沟通,主要的是社交网络应用(例如,微信)和医疗平台(例如,Haodf).第二,所有受访者都使用微信来促进与患者的沟通,尽管他们分享个人账户的意愿各不相同(他们更有可能与信任的中介机构分享)。第三,不到一半的医生采用了医疗平台,他们都来自三级医院。第四,面对面的偏好,微信,或医疗平台沟通反映了受访者对不同患者队列的看法。最后,特定类型的移动应用程序的选择受到医生与医院的隶属关系的显著影响,由他们的专业义务驱动,以完成医院分配的多项任务或与同事保持社会关系的必要性。
    结论:我们的研究结果有助于细致入微地理解医生对特定类型的移动应用程序进行患者交流的采纳行为,而不是平等地解决各种移动应用程序的这种采用行为。他们对特定类型应用程序的选择是在医疗保健政策(例如,公立医院的资金有限,公共医疗机构的主导地位,以及缺乏强大的转诊系统)和传统文化(例如,基于社会关系的信任)在很大程度上塑造了他们的行为模式。
    BACKGROUND: Different kinds of mobile apps are used to promote communications between patients and doctors. Studies have investigated patients\' mobile app adoption behavior; however, they offer limited insights into doctors\' personal preferences among a variety of choices of mobile apps.
    OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the nuanced adoption behaviors among doctors in China, which has a robust adoption of mobile apps in health care, and to explore the constraints influencing their selection of specific mobile apps. This paper addressed 3 research questions: (1) Which doctors opt to adopt mobile apps to communicate with patients? (2) What types of mobile apps do they choose? (3) To what degree do they exercise personal choice in adopting specific mobile apps?
    METHODS: We used thematic content analysis of qualitative data gathered from semistructured interviews with 11 doctors in Hangzhou, which has been recognized for its advanced adoption of mobile technology in social services, including health care services. The selection of participants was purposive, encompassing diverse departments and hospitals.
    RESULTS: In total, 5 themes emerged from the data analysis. First, the interviewees had a variety of options for communicating with patients via mobile apps, with the predominant ones being social networking apps (eg, WeChat) and medical platforms (eg, Haodf). Second, all interviewees used WeChat to facilitate communication with patients, although their willingness to share personal accounts varied (they are more likely to share with trusty intermediaries). Third, fewer than half of the doctors adopted medical platforms, and they were all from tertiary hospitals. Fourth, the preferences for in-person, WeChat, or medical platform communication reflected the interviewees\' perceptions of different patient cohorts. Lastly, the selection of a particular kind of mobile app was significantly influenced by the doctors\' affiliation with hospitals, driven by their professional obligations to fulfill multiple tasks assigned by the hospitals or the necessity of maintaining social connections with their colleagues.
    CONCLUSIONS: Our findings contribute to a nuanced understanding of doctors\' adoption behavior regarding specific types of mobile apps for patient communication, instead of addressing such adoption behavior of a wide range of mobile apps as equal. Their choices of a particular kind of app were positioned within a social context where health care policies (eg, limited funding for public hospitals, dominance of public health care institutions, and absence of robust referral systems) and traditional culture (eg, trust based on social connections) largely shape their behavioral patterns.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    患者关于疾病的信息和医患沟通都是理论上强调其重要性的结构,但在实践中研究和使用的频率要低得多。
    这项研究旨在确定是否可以根据患者的社会人口统计数据预测克罗地亚血液肿瘤患者与健康相关的生活质量的某些方面,疾病的决定因素,患者关于其疾病的信息和医患沟通的质量。
    60名同时诊断为白血病和淋巴瘤的女性和54名男性参与了问卷调查。调查由社会人口统计问卷组成,EORTCQLQ-C30(版本3),EORTCQLQ-INFO25和医患沟通问卷。
    患者社会人口统计数据,疾病的决定因素,患者关于他们的疾病和医患沟通质量的信息预测了全球健康状况26.8%的方差(F=2.756,p<.01),身体功能的35.7%方差(F=4.196,p\\<.01),角色功能的23.3%方差(F=2.291,p<0.05),情感功能的29.9%方差(F=3.215,p<.01)和社会功能的27.9%方差(F=2.881,p<.01)。与健康相关的生活质量变化显著相关的预测因素是年龄,诊断持续时间,合并症的存在,住院频率,得到诊断和信息后与心理学家交谈。
    该研究为研究不足的患者群体提供了有价值的见解,并更好地了解了他们与健康相关的生活质量。结果表明,可以在日常临床实践中实施的信息的重要性,并为进一步研究医患沟通铺平道路。
    UNASSIGNED: The patient\'s information about the disease and doctor-patient communication are both constructs whose importance is emphasized in the theory, but much less frequently researched and used in the practice.
    UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to determine whether certain facets of health-related quality of life of hemato-oncology patients in Croatia could be predicted based on patients\' sociodemographic data, the disease\'s determinants, the patients\' information about their disease and the quality of doctor-patient communication.
    UNASSIGNED: 60 women and 54 men with diagnoses of both leukemia and lymphoma have participated in filling out questionnaires. The survey consisted of a sociodemographic questionnaire, EORTC QLQ-C30(version 3), EORTC QLQ-INFO25 and the Doctor-Patient Communication Questionnaire.
    UNASSIGNED: Patients\' sociodemographic data, the disease\'s determinants, the patients\' information about their disease and the quality of doctor-patient communication predicted 26.8 % variance of global health status (F = 2.756, p \\< .01), 35.7% variance of physical functioning (F = 4.196, p \\< .01), 23.3% variance of role functioning (F = 2.291, p \\< .05), 29.9% variance of emotional functioning (F = 3.215, p \\< .01) and 27.9% of social functioning (F = 2.881, p \\< .01). Predictors that significantly contributed to the change in variance of health-related quality of life were age, duration of diagnosis, the existence of comorbidity, frequency of hospitalization, talking with the psychologist after getting the diagnosis and information.
    UNASSIGNED: The study offers valuable insights into an under-researched patient population and a better understanding of their health-related quality of life. The results indicate the importance of information that can be implemented in everyday clinical practice, and pave the way for further research on doctor-patient communication.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    本文重点介绍了医疗团队与患者及其家人之间通过技术工具进行数字通信的重要性。随着第四次工业(数字)革命,医学正在发生变化:从CAT扫描,X射线,紫外线辐射,电子记录,治疗跟踪应用程序,远程医疗,以及人工智能在医生决策过程中的应用。COVID-19大流行突显了这种医学演变的既有成果又有问题的一面。数字工具,如平板电脑,智能手机,和视频通话应用程序被证明是必不可少的。因此,我分析了三个案例,揭示了新通信技术的帮助和局限性:对医生和非住院患者,关于家庭和病人,以及医疗保健专业人员和患者家属。由于医疗关系不仅是临床的,而且是关系的和人的,一个人必须注意它的交流层面,以至少部分地保持人类。
    This paper focuses on the importance of digital communication between medical teams and patients and their families when mediated by technological tools. Medicine is changing following the fourth industrial (the digital) revolution: from CAT scans, to X-rays, to UV radiation, to electronic records, to treatment tracking apps, to telemedicine, and the use of AI in doctors\' decision-making processes. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted both the fruitful and problematic sides of this medical evolution. Digital tools such as tablets, smartphones, and video calling apps proved to be essential. Accordingly, I analyze three cases that reveal the helpfulness and the limitations of new communication technologies: on physicians and non-hospitalized patients, on families and patients, and on healthcare professionals and patients\' families. Since the medical relationship is not only clinical but also relational and human, one must pay attention to the communicative dimensions of it to remain at least partly human-e.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:建议在生命结束之前将姑息治疗(PC)整合到肿瘤管理中。它提高了生活质量和症状控制,并降低了临终关怀的积极性。然而,它的适当时机仍在辩论中。当标准治疗失败时,进入早期临床试验(ECT)代表了患者的希望。这是一个合适的时机,以整合PC,以保持患者的一般健康状况。这项研究的目的是评估ECT患者接受或拒绝早期PC管理的动机。
    方法:确定符合进入ECT的患者,并提出合并PC。所有患者都接受了由研究人员进行的探索性访谈。他们的内容在具有自决模型的双盲主题分析中进行了分析。
    结果:接受的动机(PC受体:n=27)都是内在的(例如,疼痛缓解,心理支持,对未来的预期)和外在的(例如,对医学界的信任,对于一个亲戚来说,以支持研究的推进)。拒绝动机(PC拒绝者:n=3)完全是内在的(例如,PC与死亡有关,心理支持的负面表现,不需要额外的护理,独立主张)。
    结论:接受者和拒绝者的动机没有以相同的方式内化,并要求不同的自治需求。接受者和拒绝者受到PC的相反表示和对混合管理的不同看法的影响。
    OBJECTIVE: The integration of palliative care (PC) into oncological management is recommended well before the end of life. It improves quality of life and symptom control and reduces the aggressiveness of end-of-life care. However, its appropriate timing is still debated. Entry into an early-phase clinical trial (ECT) represents hopes for the patient when standard treatments have failed. It is an opportune moment to integrate PC to preserve the patient\'s general health status. The objective of this study was to evaluate the motives for acceptance or refusal of early PC management in patients included in an ECT.
    METHODS: Patients eligible to enter an ECT were identified and concomitant PC was proposed. All patients received exploratory interviews conducted by a researcher. Their contents were analyzed in a double-blind thematic analysis with a self-determination model.
    RESULTS: Motives for acceptance (PC acceptors: n = 27) were both intrinsic (e.g., pain relief, psychological support, anticipation of the future) and extrinsic (e.g., trust in the medical profession, for a relative, to support the advance of research). Motives for refusal (PC refusers: n = 3) were solely intrinsic (e.g., PC associated with death, negative representation of psychological support, no need for additional care, claim of independence).
    CONCLUSIONS: The motives of acceptors and refusers are not internalized in the same way and call for different autonomy needs. Acceptors and refusers are influenced by opposite representations of PC and a different perception of mixed management.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:心理压力和焦虑严重影响了新临床医生适应和协调其临床工作的能力。传统的岗前培训往往不太擅长协助新兵调节情绪问题。
    方法:本研究为随机对照研究。共有435名新招募的临床医生参与了这项研究。428名临床医生被随机分为对照组(n=214)和干预组(n=214)。对照组进行定期岗前培训。干预组的医生在定期入职培训的基础上,每两周参加一次主题课程。通过感知压力量表(PPS-10)评估他们的生理状态,3个月后采用广义焦虑量表(GAD-7)和心理弹性量表(CD-RISC-10)。干预组的参与者接受了培训满意度问卷。
    结果:进入诊所3个月后,干预组的PSS-10和GAD-7评分明显低于对照组。始终如一,接受概念验证岗前培训的新临床医师的CD-RISC-10评分明显高于对照组新医师.
    结论:接受概念验证组的新医生缓解了压力和焦虑。
    BACKGROUND: Psychological stress and anxiety have seriously affected the ability of new clinicians to adapt and coordinate their clinical work. Traditional pre-job training is often not very good at assisting new recruits to regulate their emotional problems.
    METHODS: This study is a randomized controlled study. A total of 435 newly recruited clinicians participated in the study. 428 clinicians were randomized into a control group (n = 214) and an intervention group (n = 214). The control group conducted regular pre-job training. Doctors of the intervention group attend a themed course every two weeks on the basis of regular induction training. Their physiological status was evaluated by Perceived Stress Scale (PPS-10), Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAD-7) and Psychological Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10) 3 months later. Participants in the intervention group received a training satisfaction questionnaire.
    RESULTS: After entering the clinic for 3 months, the PSS-10 and GAD-7 scores of the intervention group were significantly lower than that of the control group. Consistently, the CD-RISC-10 score of new clinicians who received proof-of-concept pre-job training was significantly higher than that of new doctors in the control group.
    CONCLUSIONS: New doctors received the proof-of-concept group experienced alleviation in stress and anxiety.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    在这个叙述中,一名接受过人工医学培训的全科医生和心理治疗师介绍了一名60岁妇女的叙述和治疗,该妇女于2023年10月7日在以色列南部经历了“黑暗安息日”袭击的恐怖。病人的故事由医生叙述,他分享了他的多学科和多模式的人类学方法,以解决患者的急性应激障碍相关症状和担忧。
    In this narrative, a general practitioner and psychotherapist trained in anthroposophic medicine presents the narrative and treatment of a 60-year-old woman who experienced the horrors of the \"Dark Sabbath\" attack in southern Israel on October 7, 2023. The patient\'s story is narrated by the physician, who shares his multi-disciplinary and multi-modal anthroposophic medicine approach to address the patient\'s acute stress disorder-related symptoms and concerns.
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