■随着人口老龄化,人类健康与生态环境的关系日益受到重视。在中国,必须评估环境保护税(EPT)对改善生态环境和增强中老年人健康的政策效果。
■这项研究,根据中国健康与退休纵向研究(CHARLS)的数据,采用差异差异(DID)模型来评估EPT政策对健康的影响。
■研究结果表明,EPT政策显着改善了中老年人的健康状况,并降低了慢性病的患病率。EPT政策通过减排和心理效应两个主要机制影响中老年人的健康。PM10颗粒浓度和二氧化硫排放量的减少证明了这一点,改善公共睡眠质量和记忆力,以及环境意识和关注的重大变化。
■异质性分析揭示了城乡之间的差异,年龄组,和教育水平。在执行EPT政策之后,农村居民慢性病的减少显着改善,城市居民自评健康状况,老年人和初中以下文化程度的个人的整体健康状况。研究结果证实了环境政策在促进公共卫生方面的重要性,为改进EPT系统提供参考,并为发展中国家的环境污染控制提供见解。
UNASSIGNED: With the aging population, the relationship between human health and the ecological environment has gained increasing attention. In China, it is imperative to evaluate the policy effects of the Environmental Protection Tax (EPT) on improving the ecological environment and enhancing the health of middle-aged and older adult people.
UNASSIGNED: This study, based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), employs a Difference-in-Differences (DID) model to assess the health effects of the EPT policy.
UNASSIGNED: The findings indicate that the EPT policy significantly improves the health of middle-aged and older adult individuals and reduces the prevalence of chronic diseases. The EPT policy affects the health of middle-aged and older adult through two main mechanisms: emission reduction and psychological effects. These are evidenced by reductions in PM10 particle concentration and sulfur dioxide emissions, improvements in public sleep quality and memory, and significant changes in environmental awareness and concern.
UNASSIGNED: Heterogeneity analysis reveals differences across urban and rural areas, age groups, and education levels. Following the implementation of the EPT policy, there are notable improvements in reduction of chronic diseases among rural residents, self-rated health among urban residents, and overall health among the older adult and individuals with a junior high school education or lower. The study\'s results confirm the importance of environmental policies in promoting public health, providing a reference for the refinement of the EPT system, and offering insights for environmental pollution control in developing countries.