5A型沸石结合磁赤铁矿纳米颗粒的磁性能有利于重金属的快速吸附,这使得他们对修复被铅和砷污染的水提出了一个有趣的建议。然而,尚未进行与在水体中使用这种磁性沸石复合材料(MZ0)的浓度和大小有关的物理化学分析,以及对水生动物可能的毒理学影响。研究工作的主要目的是根据LC50试验确定对大型水蚤造成损害的致死浓度,形态学,繁殖率,和定量与重要结构的形态发育密切相关的三个基因的表达(Glass,NinaE,pph13)。为了实现这一目标,使用了新生儿和年轻人的群体,结果表明,新生儿的LC50为11,314mgL-1,而对于年轻人,是0.0310mgL-1。新生儿眼睛大小的减少证明了形态学发育的损害,年轻人的眼睛尺寸增加,两个年龄组的尾椎大小的变化,心脏大小略有增加,身体,和天线为两个年龄组。新生儿的繁殖率不受较低浓度MZ0的影响,而在年轻个体中,繁殖率从最小暴露浓度MZ0下降了50%以上。对于这两个年龄段,玻璃基因表达水平随着MZ0浓度的增加而降低。此外,MZ0证明了它对D.magna外骨骼的亲和力,这是用光学显微镜和电子显微镜观察。结论MZ0在死亡率上没有产生明显的损害,形态学,繁殖率,或者在D.magna中的基因表达浓度较低,证明评估对锁骨不同生命阶段可能影响的重要性。
Zeolite type 5A combined with the magnetic properties of maghemite nanoparticles facilitate the rapid absorption of heavy metals, which makes them an interesting proposal for the remediation of water contaminated with lead and arsenic. However, the physicochemical analysis related to concentration and size for the use of this magnetic zeolite composite (MZ0) in water bodies and the possible toxicological effects on aquatic fauna has not yet been carried out. The main objective of the research work is to determine lethal concentrations that cause damage to Daphnia magna based on LC50 tests, morphology, reproductive rate, and quantification of the expression of three genes closely involved in the morphological development of vital structures (Glass, NinaE, Pph13). To achieve this objective, populations of neonates and young individuals were used, and results showed that the LC50 for neonates was 11,314 mg L-1, while for young individuals, it was 0.0310 mg L-1. Damage to morphological development was evidenced by a decrease in eye size in neonates, an increase in eye size in young individuals, variations in the size of the caudal spine for both age groups, and slight increases in the heart size, body, and antenna for both age groups. The reproductive rate of neonates was not affected by the lower concentrations of MZ0, while in young individuals, the reproductive rate decreased by more than 50% from the minimum exposure concentration of MZ0. And for both ages, Glass gene expression levels decreased as the MZ0 concentration increased. Also, the MZ0 evidenced its affinity for the exoskeleton of D. magna, which was observed using both light microscopy and electron microscopy. It is concluded that MZ0 did not generate significant damage in the mortality, morphology, reproductive rate, or gene expression in D. magna at lower concentrations, demonstrating the importance of evaluating the possible impacts on different life stages of the cladoceran.