■大脑中的电生理信号之间的交叉频率耦合(CFC)是一种长期研究的现象,在帕金森氏病和癫痫等疾病中已观察到其异常。最近,在胃-脑电生理研究中已观察到CFC,因此成为涉及肠-脑轴畸变的疾病的诱人可能目标。然而,当前检测耦合的方法,特别是相位-振幅耦合(PAC),不要试图捕获相位和振幅的统计关系。
■在本文中,我们首先演示了一种使用灵活的参数方法对这些联合统计进行建模的方法,其中,我们使用带有傅立叶回归函数的伽马分布广义线性模型(GLM)对给定相位的振幅条件分布进行建模。我们用最小描述长度(MDL)原则进行模型选择,演示一种评估拟合优度(GOF)的方法,并在多个脑电图(EEG)数据集中展示这种方法的有效性。其次,我们展示了我们如何利用互信息,在联合分发上运作,作为耦合的规范度量,因为当且仅当相位和幅度在统计上不独立时,它是非零和非负的。此外,我们建立了Martinez-Cancino等人以前的工作。,和Voytek等人。,并显示信息密度,使用我们的方法沿着给定的样本路径进行评估,是一种有前途的时间分辨PAC度量。
■使用合成生成的肠-脑耦合信号,我们证明,我们的方法优于现有的黄金标准方法,可通过接收器工作特性(ROC)曲线分析检测到低水平的相位幅度耦合。为了验证我们的方法,我们通过生成comodulograms来测试侵入性脑电图记录,并将我们的方法与黄金标准PAC措施进行比较,调制指数,在探索性分析中表现可比。此外,为了展示其在联合肠脑电生理数据中的应用,我们生成了同时高密度脑电图和胃电图记录的拓扑图,并重现了Richter等人的开创性工作。证明了肠脑PAC的存在。使用模拟数据,我们针对不同类型的时变耦合验证了我们的方法,然后证明了其在睡眠纺锤脑电图和失配负(MMN)数据集中跟踪时变PAC的性能.
■我们使用GammaGLM和互信息对PAC进行的新度量展示了一种有前途的新方法,可以使用振幅和相位上的完全联合分布来计算PAC值。我们的措施优于PAC最常见的现有措施,并在识别电生理数据集中随时间变化的PAC方面显示出有希望的结果。此外,我们提供了使用我们的方法进行多重比较,并表明我们的测量在使用同时的肠-脑数据集的电生理记录中可能具有更多的统计功效.
UNASSIGNED: Cross frequency coupling (CFC) between electrophysiological signals in the brain is a long-studied phenomenon and its abnormalities have been observed in conditions such as Parkinson\'s disease and epilepsy. More recently, CFC has been observed in stomach-brain electrophysiologic studies and thus becomes an enticing possible target for diseases involving aberrations of the gut-brain axis. However, current methods of detecting coupling, specifically phase-amplitude coupling (PAC), do not attempt to capture the phase and amplitude statistical relationships.
UNASSIGNED: In this paper, we first demonstrate a method of modeling these joint statistics with a flexible parametric approach, where we model the conditional distribution of amplitude given phase using a gamma distributed generalized linear model (GLM) with a Fourier basis of regressors. We perform model selection with minimum description length (MDL) principle, demonstrate a method for assessing goodness-of-fit (GOF), and showcase the efficacy of this approach in multiple electroencephalography (EEG) datasets. Secondly, we showcase how we can utilize the mutual information, which operates on the joint distribution, as a canonical measure of coupling, as it is non-zero and non-negative if and only if the phase and amplitude are not statistically independent. In addition, we build off of previous work by Martinez-Cancino et al., and Voytek et al., and show that the information density, evaluated using our method along the given sample path, is a promising measure of time-resolved PAC.
UNASSIGNED: Using synthetically generated gut-brain coupled signals, we demonstrate that our method outperforms the existing gold-standard methods for detectable low-levels of phase-amplitude coupling through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. To validate our method, we test on invasive EEG recordings by generating comodulograms, and compare our method to the gold standard PAC measure, Modulation Index, demonstrating comparable performance in exploratory analysis. Furthermore, to showcase its use in joint gut-brain electrophysiology data, we generate topoplots of simultaneous high-density EEG and electrgastrography recordings and reproduce seminal work by Richter et al. that demonstrated the existence of gut-brain PAC. Using simulated data, we validate our method for different types of time-varying coupling and then demonstrate its performance to track time-varying PAC in sleep spindle EEG and mismatch negativity (MMN) datasets.
UNASSIGNED: Our new measure of PAC using Gamma GLMs and mutual information demonstrates a promising new way to compute PAC values using the full joint distribution on amplitude and phase. Our measure outperforms the most common existing measures of PAC, and show promising results in identifying time varying PAC in electrophysiological datasets. In addition, we provide for using our method with multiple comparisons and show that our measure potentially has more statistical power in electrophysiologic recordings using simultaneous gut-brain datasets.