背景:重症监护病房的患者暴露于许多可能对其睡眠质量产生负面影响的因素。
目的:描述有关重症监护病房患者睡眠质量改善的最新发现。
方法:在CINAHL中进行了综合文献综述,PubMed,科克伦图书馆,和MEDLINE数据库在2023年4月和5月。使用了以下关键词:重症监护病房,促销,睡眠质量,和睡眠。关键评估技能计划工具用于评估个人研究的质量。
结果:在确定的159篇文章中,最终分析中包括10个。研究结果分为4个主题类别:睡眠质量差的后果,影响睡眠质量的因素,改善睡眠质量的药理学方法,和改善睡眠质量的非药理学方法。
结论:临床上使用各种药物和非药物治疗。非药物干预措施包括睡眠面罩,耳塞,减少报警量,减少夜间干预。放松技术包括芳香疗法,音乐疗法,和指压。
结论:改善重症监护病房患者睡眠的最有效方法是联合使用药物和非药物干预措施。在后者中,耳塞和睡眠面膜的使用最简单。
BACKGROUND: Patients in intensive care units are exposed to many factors that can negatively affect the quality of their sleep.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the latest findings regarding sleep quality improvement in intensive care unit patients.
METHODS: An integrative literature review was conducted in the CINAHL, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and MEDLINE databases in April and May 2023. The following keywords were used: intensive care units, promotion, sleep quality, and sleep. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool was used to assess the quality of individual studies.
RESULTS: Of 159 articles identified, 10 were included in the final analysis. The findings were grouped into 4 thematic categories: consequences of poor sleep quality, factors affecting sleep quality, pharmacologic ways to improve sleep quality, and nonpharmacologic ways to improve sleep quality.
CONCLUSIONS: Various pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments are used in clinical settings. Nonpharmacologic interventions include sleep masks, earplugs, reductions in alarm volume, and reductions in nighttime interventions. Relaxation techniques include aromatherapy, music therapy, and acupressure.
CONCLUSIONS: The most effective way to improve sleep for intensive care unit patients is to use a combination of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions. Among the latter, the use of earplugs and sleep masks is simplest.