Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by marked differences in communication patterns, reciprocal social interactions, and restricted, stereotyped, and repetitive interests and activities. Various behavioral problems in ASD, more so when accompanied by coexisting psychopathology, can sometimes lead to legal problems. In this study, the cases in which an opinion was requested in terms of criminal responsibility with the diagnosis of ASD in the 5-year period between 2018 and 2022 in the expertise department of psychiatric observation, where psychiatric cases were hospitalized and observed in the Council of Forensic Medicine (CFM), which is the official expert institution in Türkiye, were retrospectively evaluated. The mean age of the group whose criminal responsibility was reduced or removed was 22.9 years (±7.52) and the mean IQ score was 76.63 ± 18.94. The most common crime in this group was intentional injury (5/11), and it is noteworthy that the victims of these crimes were usually relatives of people with ASD (5/6). The criminal acts of people with ASD are usually single-movement, spontaneous, unplanned, impulsive acts. In addition, although there is no problem in cognitive perception in people with high functioning ASD (HF-ASD), various forensic situations may arise due to defects in emotional awareness. When we look at the practices of the CFM in Türkiye, it is seen that in cases where the diagnosis of ASD is clear and can be associated with the crime, criminal responsibility is usually completely eliminated. In HF-ASD types, although it is important to be associated with the crime, it is seen that criminal responsibility is generally reduced.

The purpose of this work is to consider the problems arising from the improper provision of medical services and bringing to civil and criminal liability for these actions of medical organizations and medical workers. The author investigates the issues of bringing to responsibility for violations related to improper provision of medical care in medical organizations of the healthcare system of the Russian Federation. Russian legislation enshrines the right of a patient to complain about the improper provision of medical services, both when applying to a state medical organization and when receiving medical care in private structures of the healthcare system. The problem of bringing to civil and criminal liability for improper provision of medical care in Russian healthcare has been standing for quite a long time, nevertheless, today it is coming to the fore, despite attempts to improve the legislative regulation of this issue. In conclusion, authors conclude that in order to achieve high-quality medical services, it is necessary not only to comply with the requirements for the contractor, provided by licensing of medical activities and accreditation of medical specialists, but also to establish requirements for the activities of medical workers themselves. Thus, the provision of medical services should be considered improper if they are provided in violation of the requirements imposed on the subject and are provided in an improper way, i.e. in violation of the requirements that must be met by medical workers.

Patients with epilepsy who have been charged with a serious offense may be referred by the courts for forensic psychiatric examination. A detailed psychiatric and neurological examination is often necessary to assist the courts in making the right decision, as exemplified in the current case presentation.
The forensic case of a 30-year-old Tunisian male with temporal epilepsy who exhibited an inadequate response to the treatment is presented here. The patient attempted to kill his neighbor after a cluster of seizures, showing apparent postictal aggression. An antiepileptic treatment was introduced a few days after the person\'s detention and was followed by forensic psychiatric examination, but the latter was not done until three months afterwards.
On forensic examination, the patient\'s thought processes were clear with no evidence of a thought disorder or psychosis. Both medical and psychiatric opinions stated that the attempted homicide was due to a postictal psychosis. The patient was transferred to a psychiatric facility for further management and was found not guilty by reason of insanity.
This case illustrates the difficulties that experts may encounter in establishing criminal liability after aggressive behavior associated with epilepsy. It highlights shortcomings in Tunisian law (and promptness of forensic psychiatric examination) that should be addressed to ensure fairness of the legal process.

The study established that in the Chelyabinsk Oblast remains high percentage of violent deaths because of presence of ethyl alcohol and narcotic substances detected in blood of the perished. The increase of concentration of ethanol in blood of the dead testifies the need for inter-sectorial measures, including toughening of legal responsibility for alcohol and drugs consumption. Actually,there is no regulatory documents of the Russian Federation that fix the issue of both progression of toughening this responsibility depending on concentration of ethyl alcohol in organism of offender and responsibility scale depending on specific drug or other substance.

Recent parliamentary inquiries into end-of-life choices identify the need to provide legal certainty for health practitioners working in end-of-life care. A concern identified is the lack of clarity surrounding the operation, status and application of the doctrine of double effect. This discussion clarifies these concerns. Although the doctrine is judicially recognised in several overseas jurisdictions, in Australia the doctrine of precedent means that it does not form part of the common law. In most jurisdictions, the fault element for murder includes recklessness, and application of the doctrine does not avoid criminal liability being established against orthodox criminal law principles. Although the prosecution of a medical practitioner who incidentally causes death in the proper course of medical treatment is a rare event, it remains a live issue. Legislative protection of medical practitioners, as has occurred in Queensland, South Australia and Western Australia, is the means to achieve the certainty sought.

The law sanctions all forms of violence when there is an impact on the physical and psychological integrity of the person who is subjected to it. This principle also applies in health care facilities. In the event of violence a legal process is launched in order to both sanction the behaviour and compensate the victim. Interview with Gilles Devers, a lawyer at the Lyon bar.

The forensic psychiatric expertise of homicide perpetrators is a standard practice in criminal justice matters. Its validity relies heavily on the knowledge, professional experience and methodology of forensic psychiatrist experts. In the present interview, Daniel Zagury, an important figure of forensic psychiatric expertise in France, shares his clinical practice. In addition, he describes his experience with homicide perpetrators, particularly with serial killers and Islamic terrorist attackers on French soil. Finally, he addresses the recurring and crucial controversy of criminal responsibility, or the lack of it, in perpetrators.

The article investigates the legal regime of restrictive measures introduced in Russia due to the COVID-19 pandemic and provides statistical data on the spread of the infection. It describes special administrative violations and criminal offences first introduced during the pandemic: violation of therapeutic and epidemiological rules, dissemination of false information, and failure to follow the procedures introduced during the high-alert regime. Judicial and investigative practice is analysed. The most frequent violations of the legislation establishing requirements and restrictions to organisations and individuals during the spread of the new coronavirus infection are identified and issues of classification and differentiation of administrative and criminal liability for violation of sanitary and epidemiological rules and dissemination of false information about COVID-19 are addressed. Judgments by the Russian Supreme Court ensuring a uniform approach to court cases in all Russian regions are analysed.

The principle of contemporaneity, which means the actus reus and mens rea must coincide, constitutes the backbone of criminal liability. On the contrary, it is sometimes possible for an offender to commit an offence when she or he does not have the culpability required for the committed offence. The offender can create diminished responsibility through the intake of an intoxicating substance negligently or intentionally, even with the purpose of getting rid of the punishment. To punish such an offender, a legal concept has been developed which is termed as voluntary intoxication in the Anglo-Saxon legal system, while it has been called actiones liberae in causa in the Continental Europe. In this review, actiones liberae in causa, the formulation of voluntary intoxication in the Continental European legal system, will be explained in detail and some suggestions will be made for the application of these two concepts.

In this article, the authors report the case of a man who committed the crime of homicide and was evaluated for criminal liability in a psychiatric expert\'s report. He was diagnosed with delusional disorder and found not guilty. Security measures were applied and he was committed to a high-security psychiatric hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This case presents the correct technique to apply the biopsychological criterion, according to the Brazilian Penal Code.