背景:不良童年经历(ACE)普遍存在,并在一生中对健康产生持久的负面影响。更好地了解ACEs暴露青少年的韧性对于提高他们的心理健康至关重要;然而,对其相关因素的全面和多方面分析是有限的。
目的:本研究旨在探讨中国早期暴露于ACE的青少年心理弹性的多层次相关性。
方法:在5724名中学生的样本中,65.5%(n=3749;49.1%的女性;Mage=13.57,SD=0.96)在小学期间报告了ACE,最终被纳入本研究。
方法:进行了线性回归和网络模型,以探索个体的能力和结果导向的弹性之间的相关性(即,五种人格特质,情感释放,和孤独),家庭(即,家庭支持和与母亲和父亲的关系),和学校水平(即,同行支持,教师支持,以及与同学和老师的关系)。
结果:线性回归分析显示,所有相关因素均与能力(β范围为-0.271至0.503,PFDR均<0.001)和面向结果的韧性(β范围为-0.516至0.229,PFDR均<0.001)相关。同样,网络分析显示神经质,尽责,孤独,情感释放,外向,与母亲的关系与容量(体重范围为0.029至0.179)和结果导向的韧性(体重范围为0.024至0.396)直接相关。然而,开放性,同伴和家庭支持,与同学和老师的关系与以能力为导向的韧性直接相关(权重范围从0.020到0.201)。
结论:这项研究确定了在面对ACE时,以能力和结果为导向的韧性的共同和独特的相关因素,并证明了这些因素之间的复杂相互作用。这可以指导量身定制的干预措施,以增强中国早期ACEs暴露青少年的复原力。进一步的纵向研究可能会努力证实我们的结果。
BACKGROUND: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are pervasive and exert enduring negative effects on health throughout one\'s life. A better understanding of resilience among adolescents with ACEs exposure is crucial to enhance their mental health; however, comprehensive and multifaceted analyses of its associated factors are limited.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate multi-level
correlates of psychological resilience in Chinese early adolescents exposed to ACEs.
METHODS: In a sample of 5724 middle school students, 65.5 % (n = 3749; 49.1 % females; Mage = 13.57, SD = 0.96) reported ACEs during their primary school period and were finally included in this study.
METHODS: Both linear regression and network models were conducted to explore
correlates of capacity- and outcome-oriented resilience at the individual (i.e., five personality traits, emotional release, and loneliness), family (i.e., family support and relationships with the mother and father), and school levels (i.e., peer support, teacher support, and relationships with classmates and teachers).
RESULTS: Linear regression analysis revealed that all
correlates were associated with capacity- (β ranged from -0.271 to 0.503, PFDR < 0.001 for all) and outcome-oriented resilience (β ranged from -0.516 to 0.229, PFDR < 0.001 for all). Similarly, network analysis revealed that neuroticism, conscientiousness, loneliness, emotional release, extraversion, and the relationship with the mother were directly associated with both capacity- (weights ranged from 0.029 to 0.179) and outcome-oriented resilience (weights ranged from 0.024 to 0.396). However, openness, peer and family support, and relationships with classmates and teachers were directly associated with capacity-oriented resilience (weights ranged from 0.020 to 0.201).
CONCLUSIONS: This study identified the shared and unique associated factors for capacity- and outcome-oriented resilience in the face of ACEs and demonstrated the complex interactions between these factors, which can guide tailored interventions to enhance resilience among Chinese early adolescents with ACEs exposure. Further longitudinal studies may endeavor to confirm our results.