纳米粒子因其独特的表面结构和纳米效应而引起了人们的广泛关注,它呈现出像声音一样的新颖特征,光,电力,磁性,和热性能。然而,两个关键缺陷阻碍了它们的应用:(1)高熔融温度导致的加工性差(例如,>1000°C)对于某些无机纳米粒子;(2)由于纳米粒子容易聚集而引起的纳米效应的限制。为了解决这些问题,在二十一世纪初,成功设计和制造了具有硬核和柔性有机链的无溶剂纳米流体(SNFs)。有前途的SNFs技术不仅解决了纳米材料的分散问题,而且还赋予了纳米颗粒新的功能化。到目前为止,许多研究人员一直致力于开发不同的核心和灵活的有机聚合物链,以赋予SNFs特定的功能,例如电导率,荧光,润滑性,等等。然而,关于功能性SNFs的制备和应用研究进展的综述报道很少。为了更好地了解SNF,本文对发展进行了全面调查,fabrication,以及功能性SNF的应用。
Nanoparticles have aroused widespread interest because of their unique surface structure and nano effect, which presents novel characteristics like as sound, light, electricity, magnetism, and thermal properties. However, two critical defects have hindered their applications: (1) poor processability resulting from the high melting temperature (e.g., >1000 °C) for some inorganic nanoparticles; (2) the restriction of the nano effect caused by the easy aggregation of the nanoparticles. To solve those issues, solvent-free nanofluids (SNFs) with hard cores and flexible organic chains were successfully designed and fabricated at the beginning of the twenty-first century. The promising technology of SNFs not only solved the dispersion problem of nanomaterials but also imparted novel functionalization to nanoparticles. Up to now, many researchers have been devoted to developing diverse cores and flexible organic polymer chains to endow SNFs with particular functions, such as conductivity, fluorescence, lubricity, and so on. However, there are few review reports on the research progress in the fabrication and applications of functional SNFs. To gain a better understanding of SNFs, this paper presents an overall investigation into the development, fabrication, as well as the applications of functional SNFs.