2,4-二叔丁基苯酚(2,4-DTBP)用作添加到塑料中的抗氧化剂。由于其潜在的毒性和在环境中相对较高的浓度以及在人体组织中的存在,人们对2,4-DTBP作为与不良健康结果相关的污染物表示关注。然而,关于2,4-DTBP毒性的研究相对有限,尤其是底栖水生生物。在这项研究中,亚洲clam(Corbiculafluminea)暴露于环境相关浓度的2,4-DTBP(0.01-1μM,对应于2.06-206.32μg/L),持续21天。2,4-DTBP的积累被注意到在双方的g和消化腺,后者作为主要靶组织。在2,4-DTBP暴露的蛤仔的消化腺中观察到消化管的损伤率和细胞DNA损伤增加。损伤归因于抗氧化系统的不平衡,以氧化应激和炎症升高为特征(ROS上调,MDA,NO,和促炎因子)。相比之下,在2,4-DTBP暴露后,的抗氧化系统被激活,而ROS和NO没有被提升。此外,NF-κB和IL-1显著降低。这些结果表明,在the中激活了生化机制以维持稳态。消化腺的内部暴露与所测试的生化生物标志物显着相关,强调与污染环境中2,4-DTBP的生物累积相关的潜在风险。这些发现为2,4-DTBP在双壳类动物中的毒性提供了新的见解,为风险评估和化学品管理提供有价值的知识。
2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) is used as an antioxidant added to plastics. Due to its potential toxicity and relatively high concentrations in environments and presence in human tissue, concern has been raised for 2,4-DTBP as a contaminant associated with adverse health outcomes. However, studies on the toxicity of 2,4-DTBP are relatively limited, especially for benthic aquatic organisms. In this study, Asian clams (Corbicula fluminea) were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of 2,4-DTBP (0.01-1 μM, corresponding to 2.06-206.32 μg/L) for 21 days. Accumulation of 2,4-DTBP was noted in both gills and digestive glands, with the latter presenting as the primary target tissue. Increased damage rate of digestive tube and cellular DNA damage were observed in the digestive glands of 2,4-DTBP exposed clams. The injury was attributed to the imbalance of the antioxidant system, characterized by elevated oxidative stress and inflammation (upregulation of ROS, MDA, NO, and pro-inflammatory factors). In contrast, upon 2,4-DTBP exposure, antioxidant system in gills was activated, while ROS and NO were not promoted. Moreover, NF-κB and IL-1 were significantly decreased. These results suggested that biochemical mechanisms were activated in gills to maintain homeostasis. Internal exposure in the digestive gland was significantly correlated with the biochemical biomarkers tested, underscoring the potential risk associated with the bioaccumulation of 2,4-DTBP from contaminated environments. These findings provide novel insights into toxicity of 2,4-DTBP in bivalves, contributing valuable knowledge to risk assessment and chemical management.