植物的叶际和根际及其生存环境共同形成了一个复杂的生态系统。根际微生物也是土壤物质循环的主要驱动力,为植物的生长发育提供基础。叶际和根际微生物也可作为生态指标,对矿区生态稳定和恢复具有重要作用。在这项研究中,我们选择了一个优势物种,Bathriochloaischaemum,作为研究对象。采用高通量测序方法,研究了铜尾矿中B.ischaemum的叶际和根际细菌群落特征。我们探索了影响B.ischaemum叶际和根际细菌群落结构和多样性的关键生态因素。结果表明,根际和叶际之间的细菌群落结构存在显着差异。假单胞菌的优势叶球细菌属包括假单胞菌,肠杆菌,和鞘氨醇单胞菌。优势的根际细菌属为酸性杆菌和Solrubrobacter。此外,香农的多样性,基于丰度的覆盖估计器(ACE),根际细菌群落的Chao1指数明显高于叶际群落。影响优势叶际和根际细菌属的关键生态因子包括土壤含水量,pH值,土壤砷和锌,总氮,和B.ischaemum的硫磺,以及植物镉和铬。此外,根际细菌群落Shannon多样性指数与根际铜含量呈负相关,Simpson指数与根系总氮呈正相关。ACE指数与叶片总雕塑呈显著正相关。这些结果为根际和叶际细菌资源的勘探和利用提供了科学依据。提高了铜尾矿的生态修复效率。
The phyllosphere and rhizosphere of plants and their living environment jointly form a complex ecosystem. Rhizosphere microorganisms are also the main driving force of the circulation of soil materials, which can provide a basis for the growth and development of plants. Phyllosphere and rhizosphere microorganisms can also be used as ecological indicators, and play significant roles in the ecological stability and recovery of mining areas. In this study, we selected a dominant species, Bothriochloa ischaemum, as the research object. We studied the characteristics of phyllosphere and rhizosphere bacterial communities in B. ischaemum from copper tailings with high-throughput sequencing methods. We explored the key ecological factors affecting the structure and diversity of phyllosphere and rhizosphere bacterial communities in B. ischaemum. The results showed that there were significant differences in the bacterial community structures between the rhizosphere and phyllosphere. The dominant phyllosphere bacterial genera of B. ischaemum included Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, and Sphingomonas. The dominant rhizosphere bacterial genera were Acidibacter and Solrubrobacter. Moreover, the Shannon diversity, abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE), and Chao1 indices of rhizosphere bacterial communities were significantly higher than those of phyllosphere communities. The key ecological factors affecting the dominant phyllosphere and rhizosphere bacterial genera included soil water content, pH, soil arsenic and zinc, total nitrogen, and sulfur of B. ischaemum, as well as plant cadmium and chromium. Furthermore, the Shannon diversity indices of rhizosphere bacterial communities were negatively correlated with root copper contents, and Simpson indices were positively correlated with root total nitrogen. There was a significant positive correlation between the ACE index and leaf total sculpture. These results provide a scientific basis for the exploration and utilization of phyllosphere and rhizosphere bacterial resources, and could improve the efficiency of ecological restoration in copper tailings.