目的:评估2019年TourDownUnder骑自行车者的健康状况和热量准备,并确定热量缓解策略与当前建议的一致性。
方法:队列研究。
方法:来自五支车队和10个国家的23名(参与率为17%)世界巡回赛男子自行车手完成了赛前问卷,评估了劳累性热病(EHI)的历史,赛前健康状况,以及热量缓解和恢复策略的使用。赛前到达日之间的关联,多年的专业,国籍,团队,评估了EHI症状的病史以及热缓解和恢复策略的诊断.
结果:65%的骑自行车者报告以前经历过一种或多种EHI症状(痉挛:48%),22%的人被诊断为中暑。在比赛前10天,26%的人经历过一种或多种疾病症状。65%的人接受了热量训练(适应8-25天;适应:3-7天),与团队相关(P=0.047,φc=0.61),国籍(P=0.009,Φc=0.86)和EHI症状史(P=0.058,Φ=0.43)。所有骑自行车的人都有补水计划,与团队(0.5-1.0L·h-1,P=0.043,φc=0.68)和EHI症状史(1.0-1.5L·h-1,P=0.048,0.476)有关。大多数人都有预冷(87%)和中冷(83%)策略,最常见的是冷饮(75%)和颈领(78%),分别。所有骑自行车的人都计划使用至少一种恢复策略(按摩:87%)。
结论:我们的数据表明与当前的高温竞争建议一致,特别是水合作用,冷却和恢复策略。虽然参与热适应/适应的骑自行车的人比例令人鼓舞,需要提高适应和实施热训练的意识。
OBJECTIVE: To assess health status and heat preparation of cyclists at the 2019 Tour Down Under and determine the alignment of heat mitigation strategies with current recommendations.
METHODS: Cohort study.
METHODS: Twenty-three (17 % participation rate) male World Tour cyclists from five teams and 10 countries completed a pre-competition questionnaire evaluating exertional heat illness (EHI) history, pre-race health status, and heat mitigation and recovery strategies use. Associations between arrival days pre-competition, years as professional, nationality, team, history of EHI symptoms and diagnosis on heat mitigation and recovery strategy utilisation were assessed.
RESULTS: 65 % of cyclists reported previously experiencing one or more EHI symptom (cramping: 48 %) and 22 % a diagnosis of heat stroke. In the 10 days preceding the race, 26 % experienced one or more illness symptoms. 65 % trained in the heat (acclimatisation 8-25 days; acclimation: 3-7 days), which was associated with team (P = 0.047, ϕc = 0.61), nationality (P = 0.009, ϕc = 0.86) and EHI symptoms history (P = 0.058, ϕ = 0.43). All cyclists had a hydration plan, with links to team (0.5-1.0 L·h-1, P = 0.043, ϕc = 0.68) and EHI symptom history (1.0-1.5 L·h-1, P = 0.048, ϕ = 0.476). Most had pre-
cooling (87 %) and mid-
cooling (83 %) strategies, most commonly cold beverages (75 %) and neck collars (78 %), respectively. All cyclists planned on using at least one recovery strategy (massage: 87 %).
CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate good alignment with current recommendations for competing in the heat, particularly for hydration,
cooling and recovery strategies. Whilst the proportion of cyclists engaging in heat acclimation/acclimatisation is encouraging, greater awareness on adapting and implementing heat training is required.