■在2011年至2020年之间,大约五分之一的MedicareAdvantage(MA)合同终止了他们对MA计划的参与。关于终止后的后续保险选择知之甚少。
■检查MA参保人的保险目的地以及在合同终止后转换为传统Medicare(TM)的参保人的特征。
■这项横断面研究检查了2016年至2018年Medicare主受益人档案中MA受益人的MA计划数据。从2023年6月至2024年4月进行统计分析。
■受益人特征,包括年龄,性别,种族和民族,双重资格;医院,疗养院,和家庭健康利用;和合同特征,包括计划类型,纵向一体化,保费,和MA星级。
■主要结果是在终止后的一年内立即转换为TM。我们还评估了留在马萨诸塞州的人的合同特征。
■本次分析共包括117681名受益人(64654[54.9%]名女性;409[0.4%]美洲印第安人或阿拉斯加原住民;2817[2.4%]亚洲人;76725[16.8%]黑人;11131[9.5%]西班牙裔;81226[69.0%]白人;和2373[2.0%]其他种族或种族;平均年龄3.0[SD]71.2[10.4]年)。合同终止后,20.1%(95%CI,19.9%-20.4%)的登记者转向TM,包括32.7%(95%CI,32.4%-33.1%)的双重资格受益人和16.4%(95%CI,16.2%-16.5%)的非双重资格受益人。在非终止合同中,所有的并发切换率为6.2%(95%CI,6.2%-6.2%),双重符合条件的受益人为10.4%(95%CI,10.4%-10.4%),非双重符合条件的参与者为5.1%(95%CI,5.1%-5.1%)。向TM的转换率最高的是黑人(32.3%[95%CI,31.7%-32.8%])和先前使用过医院的人(31.3%[95%CI,30.7%-31.9%],疗养院,41.4%[95%CI,40.4%-42.4%],或家庭保健(28.3%[95%CI,27.4%-29.2%])。留在MA的受益人选择了较高评级的星级计划(终止后合同的平均星级为3.8[95%CI,3.8-3.8]星,而终止年度的平均星级为3.3[95%CI,3.3-3.3]星),但没有支付更多的月保费,66.5%(95%CI,66.2%-66.8%)支付相同或更低的保费。
■在这项横断面研究中,五分之一的MA受益人在合同终止后转向TM,黑人受益人和健康需求更密集的人的转换率最高。这些调查结果强调需要检查合同终止和随后的保险目的地对获得护理和健康结果的影响,特别是在那些被边缘化的种族和族裔中,那些有双重资格的人,和有更高医疗保健需求的受益者。
UNASSIGNED: Approximately one-fifth of Medicare Advantage (MA)
contracts terminated their participation in the MA program between 2011 and 2020. Little is known about subsequent insurance choices following a termination.
UNASSIGNED: To examine the insurance destinations of MA enrollees and the characteristics of enrollees who switch into traditional Medicare (TM) after a contract termination.
UNASSIGNED: This cross-sectional study examined MA program data of MA beneficiaries in the Medicare Master Beneficiary File from 2016 to 2018. Statistical analysis was performed from June 2023 to April 2024.
UNASSIGNED: Beneficiary characteristics, including age, sex, race and ethnicity, dual eligibility; hospital, nursing home, and home health utilization; and contract characteristics, including plan type, vertical integration, premium, and MA star rating.
UNASSIGNED: The main outcome was switching to TM in the year immediately after termination. We also evaluated the characteristics of
contracts among those who remained in MA.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 117 681 beneficiaries were included in this analysis (64 654 [54.9%] female; 409 [0.4%] American Indian or Alaska Native; 2817 [2.4%] Asian; 76 725 [16.8%] Black; 11 131 [9.5%] Hispanic; 81 226 [69.0%] White; and 2373 [2.0%] other race or ethnicity; 27 078 [23.0%] dual-eligible; mean [SD] age, 71.2 [10.4] years). Following a contract termination, 20.1% (95% CI, 19.9%-20.4%) of enrollees switched to TM, including 32.7% (95% CI, 32.4%-33.1%) of dual-eligible beneficiaries and 16.4% (95% CI, 16.2%-16.5%) of non-dual-eligible beneficiaries. In nonterminated
contracts, the concurrent switch rate was 6.2% (95% CI, 6.2%-6.2%) for all, 10.4% (95% CI, 10.4%-10.4%) for dual-eligible beneficiaries and 5.1% (95% CI, 5.1%-5.1%) for non-dual-eligible enrollees. The highest switch rates to TM were among Black enrollees (32.3% [95% CI, 31.7%-32.8%]) and those with prior use of hospital (31.3% [95% CI, 30.7%-31.9%], nursing home, 41.4% [95% CI, 40.4%-42.4%], or home health care (28.3% [95% CI, 27.4%-29.2%]). Beneficiaries who stayed in MA selected higher-rated star plans (mean posttermination contract star rating of 3.8 [95% CI, 3.8-3.8] stars compared with 3.3 [95% CI, 3.3-3.3] stars in the terminated year), but did not pay more in monthly premiums with 66.5% (95% CI, 66.2%-66.8%) paying the same or lower premiums.
UNASSIGNED: In this cross-sectional study, 1 in 5 MA beneficiaries switched to TM after a contract termination, with Black beneficiaries and those with more intensive health needs having the highest switch rates. These findings highlight the need to examine consequences of contract terminations and subsequent insurance destinations on access to care and health outcomes, especially among those with marginalized race and ethnicity, those who are dual-eligible, and beneficiaries with higher health care needs.