■预计在任何对整个人口构成威胁的危机的急性期,自杀率都会下降,虽然这方面的数据不一致。大流行是人们可以想象的最严重的全球危机。迫切需要实时确定国家和人群自杀率的客观趋势,以便更好地了解预防战略的前景和适应。
■在大流行采取严厉的控制措施后立即评估大都市的自杀行为。
■在2016年1月1日至2020年7月31日期间,从当地市法医学检验局获得了在圣彼得堡完成的自杀案件。准确收集了数据,并将2020年4月至5月每100,000人口的每月频率(引入最严重的居家措施)与2016年至2019年的相应数据进行了比较。根据Wilson计算置信区间。
■2020年4月圣彼得堡人口中的自杀频率没有上升,相比之下,比前四年的平均水平低30.3%。4月份男性比女性下降更明显(36.3%和12.4%,分别)。在观察年龄组时,发现自杀率下降幅度最大的是年龄较大的男性(55岁)。在这个群体中,自杀指数比前四年的平均水平低58.5%。然而,在女性中,六月份自杀率上升了50%,而在年轻男性(15-34岁)中,5月份上升了87.9%。2020年上半年的自杀总数非常接近前几年的平均水平。登记的变化无统计学意义。
■分析是初步的,没有考虑可能的季节性,然而,我们认为,危机暴露后立即完成自杀的减少值得关注。它支持以下观点:在危机的急性阶段,自杀行为可能会下降,这可能会很快被崛起所取代。女性和年轻男性的这种增加指出了可能的风险群体,需要社会做出回应。需要更多的研究来更清楚地了解俄罗斯在大流行的不同浪潮中的自杀动态,无论趋势如何,都应优先考虑预防。
UNASSIGNED: Suicides are predicted to drop in the acute phase of any crisis that poses a threat to the entire population, though data on this are inconsistent. A pandemic is the most severe global crisis one can imagine. There is an urgent need to identify objective trends in suicide rates across countries and populations in a real-time manner in order to be better informed regarding prospects and adaptation of preventive strategies.
UNASSIGNED: To evaluate suicidal behaviour in a metropolis immediately after the introduction of severe containment measures due to the pandemic.
UNASSIGNED: Cases of completed suicides in St. Petersburg were obtained from the local city Bureau of Forensic Medical Examinations for the period 1 January 2016 to 31 July 2020. Data were accurately collected and monthly frequencies per 100,000 of the population in April-May 2020 (introduction of the most severe stay at home measures) were compared with corresponding data from 2016-2019. Confidence intervals were calculated according to Wilson.
UNASSIGNED: Suicide frequencies in the population of St. Petersburg in April 2020 did not go up, in contrast, they were 30.3% lower than the average for the previous four years. The decrease in April was more pronounced in males than in females (36.3% and12.4%, respectively). When looking at age groups it was found that the biggest drop in suicides was in older males ( 55 years). In this group, suicide indices were 58.5% lower than average for the previous four years. However, in females, there was a 50% rise in suicides in June, while in young males (15-34 years) there was an 87.9% rise in May. Total number of suicides for the first half of 2020 was very close to the average seen in previous years. None of the registered changes were statistically significant.
UNASSIGNED: The analysis is preliminary and does not account for possible seasonality, however, we consider that the reduction in completed suicides immediately after crisis exposure deserves attention. It supports views that in the acute phase of the crisis, suicidal behaviour may decline, which may be quickly replaced by a rise. Such a rise in females and younger males points on possible risk groups and requires a response from society. More studies are needed to have a clearer picture of suicide dynamics in Russia during the different waves of the pandemic, and prevention should be prioritized regardless of the tendencies.