■了解整个高等教育中的不文明行为的前身和后果对于创建和实施预防和减缓不文明行为的策略是必要的。
■为了确定性质,范围,以及与高等教育中不文明的前因后果有关的研究范围。
■1)确定高等教育不礼貌研究中的学科和项目,和2)将护理教育研究中检查的先例和后果与高等教育中的其他学科和计划进行比较。
■文献范围审查。
■2023年1月搜索了八个电子数据库,包括MEDLINEOvid,CINAHL,ERIC,PsycINFO,Scopus,ProQuest教育数据库,教育研究完成,和ProQuest学位论文和论文全球。
■我们纳入了主要研究文章,研究了高等教育中不礼貌的先例或后果。两名评审员独立筛选并确定每个研究的纳入。数据提取完成。我们采用了数字描述性摘要来分析数据范围和内容分析,以对高等教育中不礼貌的先例和后果进行分类。
■数据库搜索产生了6678篇独特文章。2003年至2023年发表的119项研究符合纳入标准,其中,65例护理教育研究报告,其他项目和学科有54个。总共报告了91个先例和50个高等教育中不礼貌的后果。压力(n=12护理,n=4个其他程序),教师不礼貌(n=9护理,n=5个其他程序),和学生的不礼貌(n=4护理,n=5个其他计划)被报道为高等教育中不礼貌的前身。生理和心理负面结果(n=25护理,n=12个其他程序),压力(n=6护理,n=6个其他程序),和教师工作满意度(n=3护理,n=2个其他计划)被报道为高等教育中不礼貌的后果。
■支持教师的教学实践和文明角色建模的发展是减缓教师和学生之间不文明互动频率的关键因素。针对压力的具体策略,例如,认知行为疗法,应对技巧,社会支持可以减轻高等教育中的不礼貌。未来的研究需要通过先进的统计方法来检查不礼貌对生理和心理结果的负面影响的强度,以及随着时间的推移,不文明行为对学生和教师的这些结果的累积影响。先进的统计方法的应用也可以支持我们对不礼貌来源的理解以及其前因后果之间因果关系的准确性。
UNASSIGNED: Understanding antecedents and
consequences of incivility across higher education is necessary to create and implement strategies that prevent and slow uncivil behaviors.
UNASSIGNED: To identify the nature, extent, and range of research related to antecedents and
consequences of incivility in higher education.
UNASSIGNED: 1) To identify disciplines and programs sampled in higher education incivility research, and 2) to compare antecedents and consequences examined in nursing education research with other disciplines and programs in higher education.
UNASSIGNED: A scoping review of the literature.
UNASSIGNED: Eight electronic databases searched in January 2023 including MEDLINE Ovid, CINAHL, ERIC, PsycINFO, Scopus, ProQuest Education Database, Education Research Complete, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global.
UNASSIGNED: We included primary research articles examining antecedents or
consequences of incivility in higher education. Two reviewers independently screened and determined inclusion of each study. Data extraction was completed. We employed a numerical descriptive summary to analyze the range of data and content analysis to categorize the antecedents and consequences of incivility in higher education.
UNASSIGNED: Database searches yielded 6678 unique articles. One hundred and nineteen studies published between 2003 and 2023 met the inclusion criteria, of which, 65 reported research in nursing education, and 54 in other programs and disciplines. A total of 91 antecedents and 50
consequences of incivility in higher education were reported. Stress (n = 12 nursing, n = 4 other programs), faculty incivility (n = 9 nursing, n = 5 other programs), and student incivility (n = 4 nursing, n = 5 other programs) were reported as antecedents of incivility in higher education. Physiological and psychological negative outcomes (n = 25 nursing, n = 12 other programs), stress (n = 6 nursing, n = 6 other programs), and faculty job satisfaction (n = 3 nursing, n = 2 other programs) were reported as
consequences of incivility in higher education.
UNASSIGNED: Supporting development of teaching practices and role modeling of civility by faculty is a crucial element to slowing the frequency of uncivil interactions between faculty and students. Specific strategies that target stress, such as, cognitive behavioral therapy, coping skills, and social support could mitigate incivility in higher education. Future research needs to examine the strength of the negative effects of incivility on physiological and psychological outcomes through advanced statistical methods, as well as the cumulative effects of uncivil behavior on these outcomes over time for both students and faculty. Application of advanced statistical methods can also support our understanding of sources of incivility as well as the accuracy of causal connections between its antecedents and consequences.