在过去的几十年里,与事件相关的潜在的内在和获得性的处理研究取得了很大的进展,但这两个维度很少同时变化。只有这样,然而,我们可以研究外在效价的获得是否随内在效价而变化,以及内在效价和获得效价是否具有相同的大脑机制。45名参与者进行了得失的联想学习,使用固有价不同的图片(正,负)和结果(90%收益,50%/50%,90%的损失)。记录64通道脑电图。在收购过程中,每个效价/结果组合的一张图片被反复呈现,其次是抽象的结果信息(+10ct,-10ct)以预定义的概率。在测试阶段,参与者按下按钮,以赚取真正的收益,并避免与图片相关的真正损失。这里,对于RT,观察到结果的影响和/或其与内在效价的一致性,错误率,额叶θ功率,后P2、P300和LPP。此外,结果系统地影响了测试后的效价和唤醒等级。在收购过程中,随着学习的进展,对额叶负慢波振幅的偶然效应(90%>50%),独立于结果,价,和一致性。习得过程中相对缺乏结果效应表明“冷”语义,而不是真正对收益和损失进行情感处理。然而,测试阶段的实际收益和损失,“热”情感处理发生,结果及其与内在效价的一致性影响了行为和神经加工。最后,这些数据表明内在和获得性的共同和不同的脑机制.
During the last decades, event-related potential research on the processing of intrinsic and acquired valence has made great progress, but the two dimensions rarely varied simultaneously. Only that way, however, can we investigate whether the acquisition of extrinsic valence varies with intrinsic valence and whether intrinsic and acquired valence share the same brain mechanisms. Forty-five participants performed associative learning of gains and losses, using pictures varying on intrinsic valence (positive, negative) and outcome (90 % gain, 50 %/50 %, 90 % loss). 64-channel EEG was recorded. During acquisition, one picture from each valence/outcome combination was repeatedly presented, followed by abstract outcome information (+10 ct, -10 ct) at the predefined probability. In the test phase, participants pressed buttons to earn the real gains and avoid the real losses associated with the pictures. Here, effects of outcome and/or its congruence with intrinsic valence were observed for RT, error rate, frontal theta power, posterior P2, P300, and LPP. Moreover, outcome systematically affected post-test valence and arousal ratings. During acquisition, a contingency effect (90 % > 50 %) on amplitude of a frontal negative slow wave accompanied the progress of learning, independently of outcome, valence, and congruence. The relative absence of outcome effects during acquisition suggests \"cold\" semantic rather than genuinely affective processing of gains and losses. However, with real gains and losses in the test phase, \"hot\" affective processing took place, and outcome and its congruence with intrinsic valence influenced behavior and neural processing. Finally, the data suggest both shared and distinct brain mechanisms of intrinsic and acquired valence.